Greek semantic word

ἐπί

Transliteration: epi

27 lexical sense(s); 909 exact STEP occurrence token(s).

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Lexical senses and semantic domains

Sense 1: on, upon

a position on a surface of an object, whether vertical or horizontal, and in contact with the object

Semantic domains for this sense

Spacial Positions Same Semantic Domain
On, Upon, On the Surface Of Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-01
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 158 (158 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 2: at, by

a position in proximity to or in the immediate vicinity of an object or other position

Semantic domains for this sense

Spacial Positions Same Semantic Domain
At, Beside, Near, Far Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-02
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 23 (23 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 3: among, with

a position within an area determined by other objects and distributed among such objects^{[source note 1]}

Semantic domains for this sense

Spacial Positions Same Semantic Domain
Among, Between, In, Inside Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-03
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 3 (3 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 4: before

a position before, with the implication of a relationship of authority

Semantic domains for this sense

Spacial Positions Same Semantic Domain
In Front Of, Face To Face, In Back Of, Behind Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-04
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 19 (19 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 5: to, toward, in the direction of

extension toward a goal, usually implying reaching the goal^{[source note 2]}

Semantic domains for this sense

Spacial Extensions Same Semantic Domain
Extension To a Goal Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-05
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 48 (48 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 6: on, onto

extension to a goal, with implied contact on a horizontal surface

Semantic domains for this sense

Spacial Extensions Same Semantic Domain
Extension To a Goal Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-06
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 57 (57 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 7: on, upon

(with the accusative) a marker of the one upon whom responsibility falls

Semantic domains for this sense

Case Same Semantic Domain
Responsibility Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-07
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 4 (4 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 8: to, at, on

a marker of the experiencer, often with the implication of an action by a superior force or agency

Semantic domains for this sense

Case Same Semantic Domain
Experiencer Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-08
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 87 (87 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 9: by, by means of

(with the dative) a marker of instrument as the basis for some event

Semantic domains for this sense

Case Same Semantic Domain
Instrument Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-09
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 10 (10 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 10: against

(with the accusative or dative) a marker of opposition in a judicial or quasijudicial context

Semantic domains for this sense

Case Same Semantic Domain
Opposition Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-10
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 44 (44 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 11: for

(with the dative) a marker of persons benefited by an event, with the implication of their being in a dependent relationship

Semantic domains for this sense

Case Same Semantic Domain
Benefaction Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-11
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 10 (10 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 12: in addition to, and

a marker of an addition to what already exists, but with the possible implication of something more significant

Semantic domains for this sense

Relations Same Semantic Domain
Addition Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-12
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 5 (5 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 13: over, with responsibility for

a marker of the object over which someone exercises a control or authority

Semantic domains for this sense

Control, Rule Same Semantic Domain
Control, Restrain Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-13
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 34 (34 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 14: because of, on the basis of

a marker of cause or reason as the basis for a subsequent event or state

Semantic domains for this sense

Relations Same Semantic Domain
Cause and/or Reason Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-14
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 59 (59 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 15: for the purpose of, for the sake of, in order to

a marker of purpose, pointing to the goal of an event or state

Semantic domains for this sense

Relations Same Semantic Domain
Purpose Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-15
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 11 (11 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 16: concerning, with respect to, with reference to, about, in

(with the genitive) a marker of content as a means of specifying a particular referent

Semantic domains for this sense

Case Same Semantic Domain
Content Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-16
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 53 (53 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 17: on the basis of, in view of

a marker of the basis of some event

Semantic domains for this sense

Relations Same Semantic Domain
Basis Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-17
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 19 (19 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 18: to the point of, to the extent of, to the degree that, up to

a degree extending to a particular point as marked by the context

Semantic domains for this sense

Degree Same Semantic Domain
Up To, As Much As, To the Degree That [Marked Extent of Degree] Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-18
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 7 (7 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 19: when, at the time of

a marker of a point of time which is simultaneous to or overlaps with another point of time^{[source note 3]}

Semantic domains for this sense

Time Same Semantic Domain
A Point of Time with Reference to Other Points of Time: Before, Long Ago, Now, At the Same Time, When, About, After Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-19
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 13 (13 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 20: during, in the course of, within, for

a marker of the extent of time within a unit

Semantic domains for this sense

Time Same Semantic Domain
Duration of Time with Reference to Some Unit of Time: During, In, While, Throughout Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-20
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 26 (26 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 21: by

(with the accusative) a marker of agent, with the added implication of effect upon the agent

Semantic domains for this sense

Case Same Semantic Domain
Agent, Personal or Nonpersonal, Causative or Immediate, Direct or Indirect Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-21
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 1 (1 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 22: soon, very soon

(an idiom, literally: at the doors) a point of time subsequent to another point of time and indicating imminence, that is to say, the subsequent event is regarded as almost begun

Semantic domains for this sense

Time Same Semantic Domain
A Point of Time with Reference to Other Points of Time: Before, Long Ago, Now, At the Same Time, When, About, After Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-22
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 2 (2 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 23: long, long time, for some time

pertaining to a relatively long duration of time

Semantic domains for this sense

Time Same Semantic Domain
Duration of Time without Reference to Points or Units of Time: Time, Spend Time, Always, Eternal, Old, Immediately, Young Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-23
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 2 (2 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 24: upon someone’s head, responsibility

(an idiom, literally: upon someone’s head) to accept responsibility for some action, often with the implication of blame

Semantic domains for this sense

Control, Rule Same Semantic Domain
Assign to a Role or Function Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-24
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 1 (1 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 25: to be an authority concerning the Law of Moses

(an idiom, literally: to sit upon the seat of Moses) to have the capacity to interpret the Law of Moses with authority^{[source note 4]}

Semantic domains for this sense

Control, Rule Same Semantic Domain
Exercise Authority Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-25
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 1 (1 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 26: in public, publicly

(an idiom, literally: on the housetops) pertaining to being widely known in view of the events in question having taken place in public^{[source note 5]}

Semantic domains for this sense

Know Same Semantic Domain
Able To Be Known Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-26
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 2 (2 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Sense 27: during a considerable period of time, for a long time

(an idiom, literally: upon enough) duration of time for a considerable period, with the focus upon sufficiency of time

Semantic domains for this sense

Time Same Semantic Domain
Duration of Time without Reference to Points or Units of Time: Time, Spend Time, Always, Eternal, Old, Immediately, Young Same Semantic Domain

Advanced source details

Sense ID: SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001926-27
Source: ubs_greek_dictionary
Licence: CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source-linked references: 2 (2 verse links; 0 chapter-only title records)
Source-exact record: View JSON

Study tools

Use these links to inspect lexical identity and occurrences. Domain membership identifies related vocabulary to investigate; it does not assign a passage meaning.

Related words and biblical concepts

Reviewed concept, LXX, and theological relationships are not included in this MVP. No candidate relationship is presented as established fact.

Advanced record identity

Lemma ID: SDBC-GRK-LEMMA-001926
Page model version: 1.0
Direction: ltr
Domain policy: Sense-specific only; no lemma-level union