Greek semantic domain

Understand

All the domains and subdomains relating to intellectual activity (Domains source subdomain 024–source subdomain 32) involve considerable overlapping and multi-dimensional relationships. Domain source subdomain 028 involves essentially the possession of information, while source subdomain 027 treats the acquisition of information. The Domain source subdomain 30 involves primarily the manipulation of information, while source subdomain 32 refers to a process by which information is used in order to arrive at a correct comprehension or evaluation. However, no one aspect of these intellectual activities is completely devoid of other aspects, and thus, to a certain extent, any attempt to classify various aspects of these activities or states inevitably results in what mathematicians call ‘fuzzy sets,’ that is to say, classes of items which show considerable overlapping and indeterminate borders. In the Domain source subdomain 32, the first set of subdomains (source subdomain 032001 to source subdomain 032003) deals essentially with the process of comprehension, while Subdomains source subdomain 032004 and source subdomain 032005 focus upon the capacity for understanding, and accordingly, meanings such as ‘foolish,’ ‘senseless,’ ‘wise,’ and ‘intelligent’ are included.

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Source hierarchy

Advanced domain details

Domain ID: SDBC-DOMAIN-UBS-GRK-032
Source code: 032
Level: 1
Scheme: UBS Greek Lexical Domains

Member senses (80)

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ἀγνοέωnot to understand, to fail to understand
Sense details
to not understand, with the implication of a lack of capacity or ability
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000050-03
ἀγνωσίαnot to understand, to fail to understand
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to not understand, with the implication of a lack of capacity or ability
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000056-02
ἀγνωσίαwhat is not understood
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that which is not understood or comprehended, implying a lack of capacity
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000056-03
αἴνιγμαthat which is puzzling, that which is difficult to understand, puzzle, riddle
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that which is difficult or impossible to understand
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000136-01
αἰσθάνομαιto be able to perceive, to have the capacity to understand, understanding
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to have the capacity to perceive clearly and hence to understand the real nature of something
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000144-01
αἴσθησιςto be able to perceive, to have the capacity to understand, understanding
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to have the capacity to perceive clearly and hence to understand the real nature of something
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000145-01
αἰσθητήριονto be able to perceive, to have the capacity to understand, understanding
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to have the capacity to perceive clearly and hence to understand the real nature of something
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000146-01
ἀκούωto understand, to comprehend
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to hear and understand a message^{[source note 5]}
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000188-06
ἀκούωto be slow to understand, to be mentally dull
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(an idiom, literally: to hear heavily with the ears) to be mentally slow or dull in comprehending
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000188-09
ἀνεξεραύνητοςimpossible to understand, unfathomable, impossible to comprehend
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pertaining to being impossible to understand on the basis of careful examination or investigation
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000422-01
ἀνεξιχνίαστοςimpossible to understand, unfathomable, impossible to comprehend
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pertaining to being impossible to understand on the basis of careful examination or investigation
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000424-01
ἀνόητοςfoolish, stupid, without understanding
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pertaining to unwillingness to use one’s mental faculties in order to understand
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000454-01
ἄνοιαto lack understanding, absence of understanding
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the state of being devoid of understanding
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000455-01
ἀπορέωto be at a loss, to be uncertain, to be anxious, to be in doubt, consternation
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to be in perplexity, with the implication of serious anxiety
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000634-01
ἀπορίαto be at a loss, to be uncertain, to be anxious, to be in doubt, consternation
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to be in perplexity, with the implication of serious anxiety
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000635-01
ἄσοφοςfoolish, unwise
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pertaining to not being wise
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000777-01
ἀσύνετοςwithout understanding, senseless, foolish
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pertaining to a lack of capacity for insight and understanding
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000798-01
ἀφροσύνηto be a fool, foolishness
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the state of not using one’s capacity for understanding
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000875-01
ἄφρωνfoolish, senseless, unwise
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pertaining to not employing one’s understanding, particularly in practical matters
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000876-01
βαρέωςto be slow to understand, to be mentally dull
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(an idiom, literally: to hear heavily with the ears) to be mentally slow or dull in comprehending
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000916-01
βλέπωto understand, to perceive, to see, to recognize
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to come to understand as the result of perception
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-000999-05
γινώσκωto come to understand, to perceive, to comprehend
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to come to an understanding as the result of ability to experience and learn^{[source note 2]}
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001110-04
γνῶσιςunderstanding, comprehending
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coming to an understanding as the result of ability to experience and learn^{[source note 1]}
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001121-04
διαπορέωto be very perplexed, to not know what to do, to be very confused
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to be thoroughly perplexed
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001295-01
δυσνόητοςdifficult to understand, not easily understood
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pertaining to being understandable, but only with great effort
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001445-01
εἰςto come to understand, to come to know
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(an idiom, literally: to come into knowledge) to come to understand the meaning of something, with special emphasis upon the process
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001533-19
ἐπιγινώσκωto come to understand, to perceive, to comprehend
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to come to an understanding as the result of ability to experience and learn^{[source note 1]}
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001937-02
ἐπίγνωσιςto come to understand, to come to know
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(an idiom, literally: to come into knowledge) to come to understand the meaning of something, with special emphasis upon the process
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-001938-04
ἐπίσταμαιto understand, to be aware of, to really know
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to have or gain insight, with focus upon the process
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-002006-02
ἐπιστήμωνintelligent, insightful, understanding
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(derivative of ἐπίσταμαι[b] ‘to understand,’ semantic domain 32.3) pertaining to being able to understand and evaluate
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-002010-01
εὔσημοςintelligible, easily understandable
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pertaining to being easily understood
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-002167-01
θεωρέωto understand, to perceive, to see, to recognize
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to come to understand as the result of perception
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-002339-02
κατάδηλοςeasily understood, very evident, very clear
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pertaining to being clearly evident and hence easily understood
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-002620-01
καταλαμβάνωto understand, to realize, to grasp, to comprehend
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(a figurative extension of meaning of καταλαμβάνω[d] ‘to overcome,’ semantic domain 37.19)^{[source note 1]} to come to understand something which was not understood or perceived previously
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-002650-05
κατανοέωto understand completely, to perceive clearly
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to come to a clear and definite understanding of something
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-002665-03
κενόςfoolish, stupid
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(a figurative extension of meaning of κενός[a] ‘empty,’ semantic domain 57.42) pertaining to a complete lack of understanding and insight
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-002768-02
μάγοςa wise man and priest, a magus
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a person noted for unusual capacity of understanding based upon astrology (such persons were regarded as combining both secular and religious aspects of knowledge and understanding)^{[source note 1]}
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003120-01
μανθάνωto understand
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to come to understand as the result of a process of learning
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003154-03
μυωπάζωto fail to understand, to be restricted in understanding, to be shortsighted
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(a figurative extension of meaning of μυωπάζω ‘to be shortsighted,’ not occurring in the NT) to be extremely limited in one’s understanding
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003370-01
μωραίνωto cause to become nonsense
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(causative derivative of μωρία ‘foolishness,’ semantic domain 32.57) to cause the content of certain thoughts to become devoid of meaning
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003374-01
μωραίνωto become foolish, to act more foolishly
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(derivative of μωρός[a] ‘unwise, foolish,’ semantic domain 32.55) to become one who does not employ a capacity to understand and thus acts very foolishly
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003374-02
μωρίαfoolishness, nonsense, what is thought to be foolish
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the content of foolish thought
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003375-01
μωρόςunwise, foolish, fool
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pertaining to being extremely unwise and foolish
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003377-01
μωρόςfoolish, nonsensical, to be nonsense
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(derivative of μωρία ‘foolishness,’ semantic domain 32.57) pertaining to thoughts devoid of understanding and therefore foolish
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003377-02
νοέωto perceive, to gain insight into, to understand, to comprehend
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to comprehend something on the basis of careful thought and consideration
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003442-01
νουνεχῶςwith understanding, wisely
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pertaining to ability to reason and hence understand
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003465-01
νωθρόςslow to understand
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(an idiom, literally: lazy as to one’s ears) to be slow to understand, with an implication of laziness
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003478-02
οἶδαto understand, to comprehend
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to comprehend the meaning of something, with focus upon the resulting knowledge
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003511-03
ὁράωto understand, to perceive, to see, to recognize
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to come to understand as the result of perception
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003615-03
οὖςto be slow to understand, to be mentally dull
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(an idiom, literally: to hear heavily with the ears) to be mentally slow or dull in comprehending
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003680-08
ὀφθαλμόςto be able to understand, to come to perceive, understanding
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(a figurative extension of meaning of ὀφθαλμός[a] ‘eye,’ semantic domain 8.23) capacity to understand as the result of perception
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003693-03
ὀφθαλμόςto cause to not understand, to make unable to comprehend
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(an idiom, literally: to blind the eyes) to cause someone to no longer have the capacity for understanding
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003693-08
παχύνωto be unable to understand, to be mentally dull
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(a figurative extension of meaning of παχύνομαι ‘to become thick,’ not occurring in the NT) to become unable to understand or comprehend as the result of being mentally dull or spiritually insensitive
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-003877-01
ῥακάnumskull, fool
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(a borrowing from Aramaic) one who is totally lacking in understanding
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004374-01
σκοτίζωto be incapable of perceiving, to not be able to understand
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(figurative extension of meaning of σκοτίζω[a] ‘to become dark,’ semantic domain 14.55) to become unable to perceive and thus unable to understand
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004558-02
σκοτόωto be incapable of perceiving, to not be able to understand
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(figurative extension of meaning of σκοτόω[a] ‘to become dark,’ semantic domain 14.55) to become unable to perceive and thus unable to understand
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004560-02
σοφίαto be prudent, wisdom
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the capacity to understand and, as a result, to act wisely
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004580-01
σοφίαwisdom, insight, understanding
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the content of what is known by those regarded as wise
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004580-02
σοφίαWisdom
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a document or book containing wise sayings (as in the phrase ἡ σοφία τοῦ θεοῦ ‘the Wisdom of God,’ Luke 11:49, a possible reference to the OT or to apocryphal wisdom literature, possibly even a book which has been lost)
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004580-04
σοφίζωto cause to understand, to cause to be wise, to make wise
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to cause a person to have wisdom and understanding
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004581-01
σοφόςprudent, wise, understanding
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pertaining to understanding resulting in wisdom
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004582-02
σοφόςone who is wise, wise man
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a person of professional or semi-professional status who is regarded as particularly capable in understanding the philosophical aspects of knowledge and experience
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004582-03
σύνεσιςunderstanding, what is understood
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(derivative of συνίημι[a] ‘to understand,’ semantic domain 32.5) that which is understood or comprehended
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004810-01
σύνεσιςto be able to comprehend, to understand, to be intelligent, insight, intelligence
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to be able to understand and evaluate
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004810-02
συνετόςintelligent, insightful, understanding
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pertaining to being able to understand and evaluate
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004811-01
συνίημιto understand, to comprehend, to perceive, to have insight into
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to employ one’s capacity for understanding and thus to arrive at insight
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004823-01
συνίημιto be able to comprehend, to understand, to be intelligent, insight, intelligence
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to be able to understand and evaluate
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004823-02
συνοράωto understand clearly, to realize fully, to become fully aware of
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to come to understand clearly on the basis of perceived information
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004832-02
σωφρονέωto have sound judgment, to be sensible, to use good sense, sound judgment
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to have understanding about practical matters and thus be able to act sensibly
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004897-02
σωφρονισμόςto have sound judgment, to be sensible, to use good sense, sound judgment
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to have understanding about practical matters and thus be able to act sensibly
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004899-01
σωφροσύνηto have sound judgment, to be sensible, to use good sense, sound judgment
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to have understanding about practical matters and thus be able to act sensibly
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-004901-01
τυφλόςunable to understand, incapable of comprehending, blind
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(a figurative extension of meaning of τυφλός[a] ‘unable to see, blind,’ semantic domain 24.38) pertaining to not being able to understand
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-005076-02
τυφλόωto make someone not understand, to remove someone’s understanding
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(a causative derivative of τυφλός[b] unable to understand, semantic domain 32.42) to cause someone not to be able to understand
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-005077-01
τυφλόωto cause to not understand, to make unable to comprehend
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(an idiom, literally: to blind the eyes) to cause someone to no longer have the capacity for understanding
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-005077-02
φιλοσοφίαhuman understanding, human wisdom, philosophy
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human understanding or wisdom and, by implication, in contrast with divinely revealed knowledge
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-005275-01
φιλόσοφοςphilosopher, scholar
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a person of professional or semi-professional status regarded as having particular capacity or competence in understanding the meaning or significance of human experience
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-005276-01
φρόνησιςcapacity to understand, wisdom, being wise
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the ability to understand, as the result of insight and wisdom
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-005315-02
φρόνιμοςwise, wisely, with understanding, with insight
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pertaining to understanding resulting from insight and wisdom
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-005316-01
φρονίμωςwise, wisely, with understanding, with insight
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pertaining to understanding resulting from insight and wisdom
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-005317-01
ψηφίζωto come to understand, to interpret, to figure out
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to come to understand the meaning of something by figuring it out
SDBC-GRK-SENSE-005469-02