Strong's Lexicon
G129 — αἷμα
Greek entry for Bible study and original-language reference.
Definition / Gloss
| Strong's Number: | G129 |
|---|---|
| Word: | αἷμα |
| Part of Speech: | noun |
| Etymology: | of uncertain derivation |
| Language: | Greek |
| Occurrences: | 97 |
| Transliteration: | haima |
| Phonetic Spelling/Pronunciation: | hai`-mah |
| Meaning: | 1. blood 2. (literally) of men or animals 3. (figuratively) the juice of grapes 4. (specially) the atoning blood of Christ 5. (by implication) bloodshed, also kindred |
| KJV Renderings: | blood |
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Strong's is an index and starting point, not the final meaning of a word. Do not build doctrine from a gloss, root, or number. Test meaning by sentence, grammar, authorial usage, context, and the passage argument.
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
αἷμα, (τος, τό, blood, whether of men or of animals:
1.
a. simply and generally: Joh 19:34; Rev 8:7; Rev 11:6; Revelation 16:3f, 6{b} (on which passages cf. Exo 7:20 ff); ; ῤύσις αἵματος, Mar 5:25 ((πηγή αἵματος Mar 5:29)); Luk 8:43 f; θρόμβοι αἵματος, Luk 22:44 (L brackets WH reject the passage). So also in passages where the eating of blood (and of bloody flesh) is forbidden, Act 15:20; Act 15:29; Act 21:25; cf. Lev 3:17; Lev 7:16 (26); ; see Knobel on Lev 7:26 f; (Kalisch on Leviticus, Preliminary Essay § 1); Ruckert, Abendmahl, p. 94.
b. As it was anciently believed that the blood is the seat of the life (Lev 17:11; (cf. Delitzsch, Biblical Psychol, pp. 238-247 (English translation, p. 281ff))), the phrase σάρξ καί αἷμα (åÀãÈí áÈÌùÈÒø, a common phrase in rabbinical writers), or in inverse order αἷμα καί σάρξ, denotes man’s living body compounded of flesh and blood, 1Co 15:50; Heb 2:14, and so hints at the contrast between man and God (or even the more exalted creatures, Eph 6:12) as to suggest his feebleness, Eph 6:12 (Sir 14:18), which is conspicuous as respects the knowledge of divine things, Gal 1:16; Mat 16:17.
c. Since the first germs of animal life are thought to be in the blood (Wis 7:2; Eustathius ad Iliad 6, 211 (ii. 104, 2) τό δέ αἵματος ἀντί τοῦ σπέρματος φασίν οἱ σαφοὶ, ὡς τοῦ σπέρματος ὕλην τό αἷμα ἔχοντος), the word serves to denote generation and origin (in the classics also): Joh 1:13 (on the plural cf. Winer’s Grammar, 177 (166)); Act 17:26 (R G).
d. It is used of those things which by their redness resemble blood: αἷμα σταφυλῆς the juice of the grape (’the blood of grapes,’ Gen 49:11; Deu 32:14), Sir 39:26 Sir 50:15; 1Ma 6:34, etc.; Achilles Tatius 2:2; reference to this is made in Rev 14:18-20. εἰς αἷμα, of the moon, Act 2:20 (Joe 2:31 ()), equivalent to ὡς αἷμα Rev 6:12.
2. bloodshed or to be shed by violence (very often also in the classics);
a.: Luk 13:1 (the meaning is, whom Pilate had ordered to be massacred while they were sacrificing, so that their blood mingled with the blood (yet cf. Winer’s Grammar, 623 (579)) of the victims); αἷμα ἀθοῷν (or δίκαιον Tr marginal reading WH text) the blood of an innocent (or righteous) man viz. to be shed, Mat 27:4; έ᾿κχειν and ἐκχύνειν αἷμα (γΘΜν ùÈÑôÇê, Gen 9:6; Isa 59:7, etc.) to shed blood, slay, Mat 23:35; Luk 11:50; Act 22:20; Rom 3:15; Rev 16:6 (here Tdf. αἵματα); hence, αἷμα is used for the bloody death itself: Mat 23:30; Mat 23:35; Mat 27:24; Luk 11:51; Acts (, yet, cf. i d. above;) Act 20:26; Rev 17:6; μέχρις αἵματος unto blood, i. e., so as to undergo a bloody death, Heb 12:4 (τόν αἴτιον τῆς ... μέχρις αἵματος στάσεως, Heliodorus 7, 8); τιμή αἵματος ’price of blood’ i. e. price received for murder, Mat 27:6; ἀγρός αἵματος field bought with the price of blood, Mat 27:8, equivalent to χωρίον αἵματος, Act 1:19 — unless in this latter passage we prefer the explanation, which agrees better with the context, ’the field dyed with the blood of Judas’; the guilt and punishment of bloodshed, in the following Hebraistic expressions: ἐν αὐτῇ αἵματα (Rec. αἷμα (so L Tr WH)) ὑρέθη, i. e., it was discovered that she was guilty of murders, Rev 18:24 (cf. πόλις αἱμάτων, Eze 24:6); τό αἷμα αὐτοῦ ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς (namely, ἐλθέτω) let the penalty of the bloodshed fall on us, Mat 27:25; τό αἷμα ὑμῶν ἐπί τήν κεφαλήν ὑμῶν (namely, ἐλθέτω) let the guilt of your destruction be reckoned to your own account, Act 18:6 (cf. 2Sa 1:16; Jos 2:19, etc.); ἐπάγειν τό αἷμα τίνος ἐπί τινα, to cause the punishment of a murder to be visited upon anyone, Act 5:28; ἐκζήτειν τό αἷμα τίνος ἀπό τίνος (ô îÄéÇã ô ãÇÌí áÄÌ÷ÅùÑ, 2Sa 4:11; Eze 3:18; Eze 3:20; Eze 33:8), to exact of anyone the penalty for another’s death, Luk 11:50; the same idea is expressed by ἐκδίκειν τό αἷμα τίνος, Rev 6:10; Rev 19:2.
b. It is used specially of the blood of sacrificial victims having a purifying or expiating power (Lev 17:11): Hebrews 9:7, 12f, 18-22, 25; Heb 10:4; Heb 11:28; Heb 13:11.
c. Frequent mention is made in the N. T. of the blood of Christ (αἷμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ, 1Co 10:16; τοῦ κυρίου, ; τοῦ ἀρνίου, Rev 7:14; Rev 12:11, cf. ) shed on the cross (αἷμα τοῦ σταυροῦ, Col 1:20) for the salvation of many, Mat 26:28; Mar 14:24, cf. Luk 22:20; the pledge of redemption, Eph 1:7 (ἀπολύτρωσις διά τοῦ αἵματος αὐτοῦ; so too in Col 1:14 Rec.); 1Pe 1:19 (see ἀγοράζω, 2 b.); having expiatory efficacy, Rom 3:25; Heb 9:12; by which believers are purified and are cleansed from the guilt of sin, Heb 9:14; Heb 12:24; (); 1Jn 1:7 (cf. 1Jn 5:6; 1Jn 5:8); Rev 1:5; Rev 7:14; 1Pe 1:2; are rendered acceptable to God, Rom 5:9, and find access into the heavenly sanctuary, Heb 10:19; by which the Gentiles are brought to God and the blessings of his kingdom, Eph 2:13, and in general all rational beings on earth and in heaven are reconciled to God, Col 1:20; with which Christ purchased for himself the church, Act 20:28, and gathered it for God, Rev 5:9. Moreover, since Christ’s dying blood served to establish new religious institutions and a new relationship between men and God, it is likened also to a federative or covenant sacrifice: τό αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης, the blood by the shedding of which the covenant should be ratified, Mat 26:28; Mar 14:24, or has been ratified, Heb 10:29; Heb 13:20 (cf. Heb 9:20); add, 1Co 11:25; Luk 22:20 (WH reject this passage) (in both which the meaning is, ’this cup containing wine, an emblem of blood, is rendered by the shedding of my blood an emblem of the new covenant’), 1Co 11:27; (cf. Cicero, pro Sestio 10, 24foedus sanguine meo ictum sanciri, Livy 23, 8sanguine Hannibalis sanciam Romanum foedus. πίνειν τό αἷμα αὐτοῦ (i. e. of Christ), to appropriate the saving results of Christ’s death, John 6:53f, 56. (Westcott, Epistles of John, p. 34f.)
Other Resources
Englishman's Greek Concordance
αἷμα (blood)
Matthew 16:17
- KJV: And Jesus answered and said unto him Blessed art thou Simon Bar-jona for flesh and blood hath not revealed unto thee but my Father which is in heaven
- GK: και αποκριθείς ο Ιησούς είπεν αυτώ μακάριος ει Σίμων Βαρ Ιωνά ότι σαρξ και αίμα ουκ απεκάλυψέ σοι αλλ΄ ο πατήρ μου ο εν τοις ουρανοίς
Matthew 23:30
- KJV: And say If we had been in the days of our fathers we would not have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets
- GK: και λέγετε ει ήμεθα εν ταις ημέραις των πατέρων ημών ουκ αν ήμεν κοινωνοί αυτών εν τω αίματι των προφητών
Matthew 23:35
- KJV: That upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias whom ye slew between the temple and the altar
- GK: όπως έλθη εφ΄ υμάς παν αίμα δίκαιον εκχυνόμενον επί της γης απο του αίματος Αβελ του δικαίου έως του αίματος Ζαχαρίου υιού Βαραχίου ον εφονεύσατε μεταξύ του ναού και του θυσιαστηρίου
Matthew 26:28
- KJV: For this is my blood of the new testament which is shed for many for the remission of sins
- GK: τούτο γαρ εστι το αίμά μου το της καινής διαθήκης το περί πολλών εκχυνόμενον εις άφεσιν αμαρτιών
Matthew 27:4
- KJV: Saying I have sinned in that I have betrayed the innocent blood And they said What to us see thou
- GK: λέγων ήμαρτον παραδούς αίμα αθώον οι δε είπον τι προς ημάς συ όψει
Matthew 27:6
- KJV: And the chief priests took the silver pieces and said It is not lawful for to put them into the treasury because it is the price of blood
- GK: οι δε αρχιερείς λαβόντες τα αργύρια είπον ουκ έξεστι βαλείν αυτά εις τον κορβανάν επεί τιμή αίματός εστι
Matthew 27:8
- KJV: Wherefore that field was called The field of blood unto this day
- GK: διό εκλήθη ο αγρός εκείνος αγρός αίματος έως της σήμερον
Matthew 27:24
- KJV: When Pilate saw that he could prevail nothing but rather a tumult was made he took water and washed hands before the multitude saying I am innocent of the blood of this just person see ye
- GK: ιδών δε ο Πιλάτος ότι ουδέν ωφελεί αλλά μάλλον θόρυβος γίνεται λαβών ύδωρ απενίψατο τας χείρας απέναντι του όχλου λέγων αθώός ειμι από του αίματος του δικαίου τούτου υμείς όψεσθε
Matthew 27:25
- KJV: Then answered all the people and said His blood on us and on our children
- GK: και αποκριθείς πας ο λαός είπε το αίμα αυτού εφ΄ ημάς και επί τα τέκνα ημών
Mark 5:25
- KJV: And a certain woman which had an issue of blood twelve years
- GK: και γυνή τις ούσα εν ρύσει αίματος έτη δώδεκα
Mark 5:29
- KJV: And straightway the fountain of her blood was dried up and she felt in her body that she was healed of that plague
- GK: και ευθέως εξηράνθη η πηγή του αίματος αυτής και έγνω τω σώματι ότι ίαται από της μάστιγος
Mark 14:24
- KJV: And he said unto them This is my blood of the new testament which is shed for many
- GK: και είπεν αυτοίς τούτό εστι το αίμά μου το της καινής διαθήκης το περί πολλών εκχυνόμενον
Luke 8:43
- KJV: And a woman having an issue of blood twelve years which had spent all her living upon physicians neither could be healed of any
- GK: και γυνή ούσα εν ρύσει αίματος από ετών δώδεκα ήτις εις ιατρούς προσαναλώσασα όλον τον βίον ουκ ίσχυσεν υπ΄ ουδενός θεραπευθήναι
Luke 8:44
- KJV: Came behind and touched the border of his garment and immediately her issue of blood stanched
- GK: προσελθούσα όπισθεν ήψατο του κρασπέδου του ιματίου αυτού και παραχρήμα έστη η ρύσις του αίματος αυτής
Luke 11:50
- KJV: That the blood of all the prophets which was shed from the foundation of the world may be required of this generation
- GK: ίνα εκζητηθή το αίμα πάντων των προφητών το εκχυνόμενον από καταβολής κόσμου από της γενεάς ταύτης
Luke 11:51
- KJV: From the blood of Abel unto the blood of Zacharias which perished between the altar and the temple verily I say unto you It shall be required of this generation
- GK: από του αίματος Αβελ έως του αίματος Ζαχαρίου του απολομένου μεταξύ του θυσιαστηρίου και του οίκου ναι λέγω υμίν εκζητηθήσεται από της γενεάς ταύτης
Luke 13:1
- KJV: There were present at that season some that told him of the Galilæans whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices
- GK: παρήσαν δε τινες εν αυτώ τω καιρώ απαγγέλλοντες αυτώ περί των Γαλιλαίων ων το αίμα Πιλάτος έμιξε μετά των θυσιών αυτών
Luke 22:20
- KJV: Likewise also the cup after supper saying This cup the new testament in my blood which is shed for you
- GK: ωσαύτως και το ποτήριον μετά το δειπνήσαι λέγων τούτο το ποτήριον η καινή διαθήκη εν τω αίματί το υπέρ υμών εκχυνόμενον
Luke 22:44
- KJV: And being in an agony he prayed more earnestly and his sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling down to the ground
- GK: και γενόμενος εν αγωνία εκτενέστερον προσηύχετο εγένετο δε ο ιδρώς αυτού ωσεί θρόμβοι αίματος καταβαίνοντες επί την γην
John 1:13
- KJV: Which were born not of blood nor of the will of the flesh nor of the will of man but of God
- GK: οι ουκ εξ αιμάτων ουδέ εκ θελήματος σαρκός ουδέ εκ θελήματος ανδρός αλλ΄ εκ θεού εγεννήθησαν
John 6:53
- KJV: Then Jesus said unto them Verily verily I say unto you Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man and drink his blood ye have no life in you
- GK: είπεν ούν αυτοίς ο Ιησούς αμήν αμήν λέγω υμίν εάν μη φάγητε την σάρκα του υιού του ανθρώπου και πίητε αυτού το αίμα ουκ έχετε ζωήν εν εαυτοίς
John 6:54
- KJV: Whoso eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood hath eternal life and I will raise him up at the last day
- GK: ο τρώγων μου την σάρκα και πίνων μου το αίμα έχει ζωήν αιώνιον και εγώ αναστήσω αυτόν τη εσχάτη ημέρα
John 6:55
- KJV: For my flesh is meat indeed and my blood is drink indeed
- GK: η γαρ σάρξ μου αληθώς εστι βρώσις και το αίμά μου αληθώς εστι πόσις
John 6:56
- KJV: He that eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood dwelleth in me and I in him
- GK: ο τρώγων μου την σάρκα και πίνων μου το αίμα εν εμοί μένει καγώ εν αυτώ
John 19:34
- KJV: But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side and forthwith came there out blood and water
- GK: αλλ΄ εις των στρατιωτών λόγχη αυτού την πλευράν ένυξε και ευθέως εξήλθεν αίμα και ύδωρ
Acts 1:19
- KJV: And it was known unto all the dwellers at Jerusalem insomuch as that field is called their proper tongue Aceldama that is to say The field of blood
- GK: και γνωστόν εγένετο πάσι τοις κατοικούσιν Ιερουσαλήμ ώστε κληθήναι το χωρίον εκείνο τη ιδία διαλέκτω αυτών Ακελδαμά τουτ΄ χωρίον αίματος
Acts 2:19
- KJV: And I will shew wonders in heaven above and signs in the earth beneath blood and fire and vapour of smoke
- GK: και δώσω τέρατα εν τω ούρανώ άνω και σημεία επί της γης κάτω αίμα και πυρ και ατμίδα καπνού
Acts 2:20
- KJV: The sun shall be turned into darkness and the moon into blood before that great and notable day of the Lord come
- GK: ο ήλιος μεταστραφήσεται εις σκότος και η σελήνη εις αίμα πριν η ελθείν την ημέραν κυρίου την μεγάλην και επιφανή
Acts 5:28
- KJV: Saying not we straitly command you that ye should not teach in this name and behold ye have filled Jerusalem with your doctrine and intend to bring this man’s blood upon us
- GK: λέγων ου παραγγελία παρηγγείλαμεν υμίν μη διδάσκειν επί τω ονόματι τούτω και ιδού πεπληρώκατε την Ιερουσαλήμ της διδαχής υμών και βούλεσθε επαγαγείν εφ΄ ημάς το αίμα του ανθρώπου τούτου
Acts 15:20
- KJV: But that we write unto them that they abstain from pollutions of idols and fornication and things strangled and blood
- GK: αλλά επιστείλαι αυτοίς του απέχεσθαι από των αλισγημάτων των ειδώλων και της πορνείας και του πνικτού και του αίματος