BDB821
אָשַׁם, אָשֵׁם verb offend, be guilty (Arabic [untranscribed source text 443], id., [untranscribed source text 444] sin, offence, [untranscribed source text 445], [untranscribed source text 446], requital, fault, guilt, mulct, compare Ethiopic [untranscribed source text 447]) — אָשַׁם Lev 5:19; Num 5:7 אָשֵׁם Hab 1:11 + 7 t.; אָֽשְׁמָה Num 5:6 אָשָׁ֑מְתָּ Prov 30:10 אָשַׁמְתְּ Ezek 22:4 אָשֵׁ֑מוּ Lev 4:13 Imperfect יֶאְשַׁם Hos 4:15 + 13 t.; Infinitive absolute אָשֹׁם Lev 5:19 אָשׁוֺם Ezek 25:12 —
1.
commit an offence, a trespass, do a wrong, or an injury, with
אָשֹׁם אָשַׁם ליהוה ׃לְ
he hath done a great wrong to Yahweh (in violating the commands) Lev 5:19 (
P
); וְנָתַן לַאֲשֶׁר אָשַׁם לוֺ
and he shall give it (restitution) to him to whom he did wrong
Num 5:7 (
P
), compare 2Chr 19:10 (twice in verse); וַיֶאְשְׁמוּ אָשׁוֺם
and they committed lasting wrong (irreparable wrong, the Edomites against Judah) Ezek 25:12
.
2.
be or become guilty
Judg 21:22;
Jer 50:7; Hos 4:15; Hab 1:11 in
offences requiring sin-offering Lev 4:13; Lev 4:22; Lev 4:27 (
P
), of trespass-offering Lev 5:2; Lev 5:3; Lev 5:17; Lev 5:23; Num 5:6 (
P
); with ל
guilty of
Lev 5:4; Lev 5:5 (
P
), with ב
in or through
Ezek 22:4;
Hos 13:1.
3.
be held guilty, bear punishment
Ps 34:22;
Ps 34:23;
Prov 30:10
; Isa 24:6
; Jer 2:3;
Hos 5:15; Hos 10:2; Hos 14:1; Zech 11:5;
Ezek 6:6 (but
compare שָׁמֵם).
Niph`al
נֶאְשָׁמוּ
suffer punishment
Joel 1:18
(si vera lectio; Me We and others נָשַׁמּוּ, √ שׁמם, compare Dron the
passage).
Hiph`il
Imperfect suffix הַאֲשִׁימֵם
declare them guilty
Ps 5:11
.