BDB6
אָבַד verb perish ( MI אבד, Assyrian abâtu DlW 184 Aramaic אֲבַד, [untranscribed source text 2]). —
Qal
Perfect
׳
א
Num 21:30 +;
אָֽבְדוּ
Ps 10:16 +
(+
Ezek 6:3
ᵐ5
Co) etc.; Imperfect
יאֹבַד
Job 3:3; Jer 4:9
יאֹבֵ֑דּ
Job 20:7 + 2
t.; 3
feminine singular תּאֹבַד
Deut 22:3 + 4
t.;
תּאֹבֵ֑ד
Job 8:13 + 3
t.;
יאֹבְדוּ
Judg 5:31 + 3
t.;
יאֹבֵ֑דוּ
Job 4:9 +; 3
feminine
plural וַתּאֹבַדְנָה
1Sam 9:3
תּאֹבֵדוּן
Deut 4:26 +;
נאֹבֵ֑ד
Jonah 1:6; Jonah 3:9
נאֹבְדָה
Jonah 1:14,
etc.; Infinitive absolute
אָבדֹ
Deut 4:26 + 2
t.;
construct אֲבדֹ
Deut 7:20; Prov 11:10
אֲבָדְךָ
Deut 28:20
אָבְדֶ֑ךָ
Deut 28:22
אֲבָדְכֶם
Josh 23:13
אָבְדָם
Obad 1:12;
Prov 28:28
Participle
אוֺבֵד
Deut 26:5 +
7:t.;
construct אֹבַד
Deut 32:28
(before ע ? see Di.
Bö§
378); etc.
1.
perish, die, of individuals (mostly late) Num 17:27 (|| נוע
& (v.
Num 17:28
)
מות, (also Deut 26:5 ? compare below) Jonah 1:6; Jonah 1:14; Job 31:19
compare Job 29:13
;
Prov
31:6; Esth 4:14;
Esth 4:16
(twice in verse);
Mic
4:9;
Jer 40:15 compare Isa 57:1; Prov 11:10; Prov 28:28; Eccl 7:15
;
Ps 119:92 emphasis on
mortality
Job 4:20
;
Ps 146:4
;
Eccl 9:6
Saul
& Jonathan, under figure of weapons 2Sam 1:27 lion Job 4:11 caravan Job 6:18 (compare
Di
); compare מִןהָֿאָרֶץ
חָסִיד
׳
א
Mic 7:2,
מֶלֶח מֵעַזָּה
׳
וא
Zech 9:5
perish, be exterminated (judgment for sin), of Israel Lev 26:38; Deut 8:19
(twice in verse);
Deut 8:20
;
Deut
28:20
;
Deut
20:22
;
Deut
30:18
(twice in verse); Jer 27:10; Jer 27:15 compare Jer 6:21; Obad 1:12
compare Ps 80:17
; Isa
27:13
other nations Deut 7:20; Jer 10:15;
Jer
51:18
;
Ps 2:12
;
Ps 10:16
;
Ps 83:18
compare Ps 9:4
;
Amos 1:8;
Isa
41:11
;
Isa
60:12
compare Jonah
3:9
see also
Exod
10:7;
Num 21:29; Num 21:30 (
J
E
)
Jer
48:46 house of Ahab 2Kgs 9:8 wicked in general Judg 5:31; Job 4:9 compare Job 4:7,
Ps 37:20
;
Ps 49:11; Ps 68:3 (||
simile of melting
wax), Ps
73:27
;
Ps
92:10
also
Prov
19:9; Prov 21:18
׳
לָנֶצַח א
Job 20:7
compare ׳
דֶּרֶח רְשָׁעִים א
Ps 1:6
followed
by
מֵעַל הָאָ֑רֶץ (of annihilation of Israel) Deut 4:26 (twice in verse); Deut 11:17
;
Josh
23:13; Josh 23:16 (
D
); followed by מִתּוֺח הַקָּהָל (of Korah's company) Num 16:33 (
J
E
);
perish, be ruined, destroyed, of inanimate things, e.g. land Jer 9:11
(||
נִצְּתָה כַמִּדְבָּר compare Jer 48:8 harvest Joel 1:11 Jonah's gourd Jonah 4:10
riches Jer 48:36;
Eccl 5:13
vessel Ps
31:13
houses
Amos
3:15 (so often Assyrian Dlw); city Ezek
26:17
(but strike out
ᵐ5
Co); compare bamôth Ezek 6:3
ᵐ5
Co; heavens & earth Ps 102:27.
2.
figurative
perish, vanish, subject memory Job 18:17; Ps 9:7 name Ps 41:6 (i.e. be forgotten);
vigour Job
30:2
wisdom
Isa
29:14 compare
אֹבַד עֵצוֺת
Deut
32:28
אֱמוּנָה
Jer 7:28
(||
נִכְרְתָה); חָזוֺן
Ezek
12:22
יוֺם
Job 3:3
(i.e.
be
blotted out); לֵב
Jer 4:9
(i.e.
courage fail); תִּקְוָה
Ps 9:19
;
Prov
10:28
; Prov 11:7
;
Ezek 19:5
;
Ezek
37:11
; Job
8:13
so תַּאֲוָה
Ps
112:10
(i.e. comes to naught); תּוֺחֶלֶת
Prov 11:7
,
followed by מִן + agent Lam 3:18
עֵצָה + תּוֺרָה followed by מן + persons negligent
Jer
18:18
;
Ezek 7:26
,
compare Jer
49:7
especially מָנוֺס מִןֿ
׳
א (i.e. they could not escape) Amos 2:14; Jer 25:35; Job 11:20; Ps 142:5
.
3.
be lost, strayed, asses 1Sam 9:3; 1Sam 9:20 sheep Jer 50:6; Ezek 34:4; Ezek
34:16; Ps
119:176 (figurative of erring men);
perhaps Deut
26:5
.
Pi`el
causative of Qal. — Perfect
אִבַּד
2Kgs 21:3
+ 2
t.; suffix וְאִבֶּדְךָ
Co
Ezek 28:16
compare below; אִבַּדְתִּי
Jer 15:7
וְאִבַּדְתִּ֫י
Ezek 6:3 (
ᵐ5
Co
וְאָֽבְּדוּ) etc.; Imperfect
יְאַבֵּד
Eccl 9:18
וִיאַבֵּד
Eccl 7:7;
Zeph 2:13
1
singular suffix וָאַבֶּדְךָ
Ezek 28:16
(for ׳
וָאֲאַבּ
Ew§ 72 c
Ol§ 79 a
Kö I:338 Ges«GKC:68»§
68 fin; but Co 3 masculine singular; see also Co
Ezek 38:14
); תְּאַבְּדוּן
Deut 12:2
etc.;
Infinitive absolute
אַבֵּד
Deut 12:2 +
3
t.; construct id.
Ezek 22:27
+ etc.; Participle
מְאַבְּדִים
Jer 23:1.
1.
cause to perish, destroy, kill, object person (mostly late) 2Kgs 11:1; Esth 3:9;
Esth 4:7;
Esth 8:5;
Esth 9:24
|| הרג
Esth 9:6;
Esth 9:12
||
הרג + השׁמיד
Esth 3:13
;
Esth 7:4;
Esth 8:11
||
המם
Esth 9:24
compare
Ps
119:95 object נְפָשׁוֺת
Ezek
22:17
(strike out
ᵐ5
Co); in judgment, subject ׳
י
Ps 5:7
compare
Prov 1:32
followed by מִתּוֺח
Ezek
28:16
object a people 2Kgs 13:7; 2Kgs 19:18 = Isa 37:19; Job 12:13
in judgment
Deut 11:4; Jer 12:17; Jer 15:7; Zeph 2:13;
Ps 9:6
compare
Ps 21:11
object inanimate things especially idols, bamôth etc., Num 33:52 (twice in verse); (
J
)
Deut 12:2
(twice in verse); 2Kgs 21:3; Ezek 6:3 (but compare
ᵐ5
Co above); bars of Zion Lam 2:9 (|| שִׁבַּר).
2.
figurative
cause to vanish, blot out, do away with names of idols Deut 12:3 voice of Babylon
Jer
51:55 memory of dead
Isa
26:14
substance
Prov 29:3
understanding
Eccl 7:7 good (
טוֺבָה
q. v.)
Eccl 9:18.
3.
cause to stray, lose; object Israel under figure of flock Jer 23:1 (|| הֵפִיץ
); absolute
Eccl 3:6
(||
בִּקֵּשׁ).
Hiph`il
Perfect
וְהֶאֱבִּיד
Num
24:19
הֶאֱבַ֑דְתָּ
Job
14:19
etc.; Imperfect
אֹבִידָה
Jer 46:8
(
Ges«GKC:68»§ 68, 2 R. 1). Infinitive
construct
הַאֲבִיד
2Kgs 10:19
+ etc.; Participle
מַאֲבִיד
Deut 8:20
.
1.
destroy, put to death, in judgment, (subject ׳
י) object person Lev 23:30 (followed by מִקֶּרֶב עַמָּהּ
; || כָּרַת
Lev
23:29); Jer 49:38 (followed by מִשָּׁם); Obad 1:8
(followed by מֵאֱדוֺם
); object nation, Ammon Ezek 25:7 (followed by מןהֿארצות; ||
כָּרַת),
compare Ezek
25:16 Canaanites Deut 8:20 (followed by מִפְּנֵיכֶם); Canaan =
Philistines Zeph 2:5
(||
כָּרַת); especially Israel Deut 28:51; Deut 28:63 (||
הִשְׁמִיד), compare Josh 7:7 also
absolute Jer 18:7
(|| לִנְתוֺשׁ
וְלִנְתוֺץ); = Jer 1:10 (+ וְלַהֲרוֺס) =
Jer 31:28 (+ וּלְהָרֵעַ
); animals Ezek 32:13 (followed by מֵעַל מַיִם רַבִּים);
compare
Deut 7:10; Ps 143:12
(|| הִצְמִית); (human subject), object servants of Baal
2Kgs 10:19, object nation Deut 9:3, compare
Num 24:19 (
E
; followed by מֵעִיר); 2Kgs 24:2 compare Jer
46:8 object inanimate, chariots Mic 5:9 idols Ezek 30:13
(strike out
B
Co).
2.
figurative, object name of kings Deut 7:24 (followed by מִתַּחַת
הַשָּׁמַיִם); hope Job 14:19 voice
of mirth etc.
Jer
25:10 (compare Jer 51:55
Pi`el above)