1. in natural state, used as pillow Gen 28:11; Gen 28:18 ( E ); seat Exod 17:12 ( E ); cover of well Gen 29:2; Gen 29:3 (twice in verse); Gen 29:8; Gen 29:10 ( J ); causing one to stumble Isa 8:14 marring good ground 2Kgs 3:19; 2Kgs 3:25 hand-missle Exod 21:18 ( J E ) Num 35:17 ; Num 35:23 ( P ) 2Sam 16:6 ; 2Sam 16:13 , especially in judicial stoning, with verb רָגַם Lev 20:2; Lev 20:27; Lev 24:23; Num 14:10; Num 15:35; Num 15:36; Josh 7:25 a (all P ), so also Deut 21:21; 2Chr 24:21; Ezek 16:40; Ezek 23:47 compare 1Kgs 12:18 = 2Chr 10:18 with verb סָקַל Deut 13:11; Deut 17:5; Deut 22:21; Deut 22:24; Deut 1:13 also Josh 7:25b ( J E or D ); sling-stones Judg 20:16; 1Sam 17:40; 1Sam 17:49 (twice in verse); 1Sam 17:50; 2Chr 26:14 hurled by engines 2Chr 26:15 set up for inscribing law Deut 27:2 ; Deut 27:4; Deut 27:8; Josh 8:32 (all D ); as memorial Josh 4:3; Josh 4:5 ; Josh 4:6; Josh 4:7; Josh 4:8; Josh 4:9; Josh 4:20; Josh 4:21 ( J E D ) 1Sam 7:12 as sacred pillar (מַצֵּבָה) Gen 28:18; Gen 35:14 (anointed with oil), Gen 28:22 (= בֵּיתאֵל) compare ׳ (רֹעֶה) א יִשְׂרָאֵל Gen 49:24 (see Di); as witness Gen 31:45 compare Josh 24:26; Josh 24:27 (all J E ); plural gathered into heap (גַּל) over dead, Josh 7:26 (see Di ) Josh 8:29 compare Josh 10:18; Josh 10:27 ( J E ) 2Sam 18:17 גַּל on which meal was eaten, in a compact Gen 31:46 (twice in verse) ( J E ); built into altar Exod 20:25; Deut 27:5; Deut 27:6 ( J E D ) Josh 8:31 ; 1Kgs 18:31 ; 1Kgs 18:32 ; 1Kgs 18:38 compare 2Kgs 23:15 ᵐ5 Klo (for הבמה); of figured stone (forbidden) מַשְׂכִּית ׳ א Lev 26:1 ( H ) ;גדולה ׳ א where ark rested 1Sam 6:14; 1Sam 6:15 also 1Sam 6:18 ( ᵑ0 אבל q. v.); (see for other note-worthy stones 9 below

2. stone, as material, of tablets Exod 24:12; Exod 31:18; Exod 34:1 (plural) Exod 34:4 Exod 34:4 ( J E ) Deut 4:13 ; Deut 5:19 ; Deut 9:9; Deut 9:10; Deut 9:11; Deut 10:1; Deut 10:3 of vessels, hence probably Exod 7:19 ( P ; ׳ א = vessels of stone || עצים) see Di; idols (|| עץ) Deut 4:28; Deut 28:36; Deut 28:64; Deut 29:16; 2Kgs 19:18 = Isa 37:19 also Jer 3:9; Ezek 20:32 pavement 2Kgs 16:17 edifice 1Kgs 6:7 compare Gen 11:3 also 2Sam 5:11; 2Kgs 12:13; 1Chr 22:15 often plural of (worked) stones Lev 14:40; Lev 14:42 (twice in verse); Lev 14:43; Lev 14:45 ( P ; in wall of house) 2Kgs 22:6 +, compare of city-wall Neh 3:35 of (ruined) city 1Kgs 15:22; Neh 3:34 tomb Isa 14:19 אֲבָנִים יְקָרוֺת (costly building-stones) 1Kgs 5:31; 1Kgs 7:9; 1Kgs 7:10; 1Kgs 7:11 (see also below 3); אַבְנֵיֿ שַׁיִשׁ = marble (see ᵐ5 ) 1Chr 29:2 אַבְנֵי גָזִית = hewn stones 1Kgs 5:31; 1Chr 22:2; Ezek 40:42 (for altar-tables), — compare גָּזִית; מַחְצֵב ׳ א 2Kgs 12:13 ; 2Kgs 22:6 ; 2Kgs 2:11 foundation-stone, corner-stone Isa 28:16; Jer 51:26; Job 38:6; Ps 118:22 cap-stone, completing the building, הָרִאשֹׁנָה ׳ הָא Zech 4:7 (but see רֹאשׁ פִּנָּה Ps 118:22 as above), Zech 3:9 upon one stone seven eyes, probably refers to this cap- or head-stone; the eyes are symbol of God's watchfulness; perhaps explaining cup-stones found in Orient, see Guthe^{ZPV 1890, 129}; stone-cutters ׳ חָרָשֵׁי א 2Sam 5:11; 1Chr 22:15 ׳ חֹצְבֵי הָא 2Kgs 12:13 compare 1Chr 22:2.

3. precious stones, generally with modifying word יְקָרָה ׳ א collective 2Sam 12:30; 1Kgs 10:2 + often (see 2); הַשֹּׁהַם ׳ א Gen 2:12 ( J ) compare Exod 25:7; Exod 28:9; Exod 35:9; Exod 35:27; Exod 39:6 ( P ) 1Chr 29:2 מִלֻּאִים ׳ א Exod 25:7; Exod 35:9; Exod 35:27 compare 1Chr 29:2 סַפִּיר ׳ א Ezek 1:26; Ezek 10:1 אַבְנֵי אֶקְדָּח Isa 54:12 חֵפֶץ ׳ א ib.; אַבְנֵי פוּח וְרִקְמָה 1Chr 29:2 חֵן ׳ א Prov 17:8 on אַבְנֵי אֵשׁ (stones of fire) Ezek 28:14; Ezek 28:16 as precious stones = Assyrian aban išâti (?) see Dl^{Pa 118 & W 40}; but Sm and others thunderbolts; also without distinctive modifier Exod 25:7 ; Exod 35:9 ׳ חָרַשׁ א engraver in stone Exod 28:11 compare Exod 31:5; Exod 35:33 ( P ).

4. stones containing metal, = ore, Deut 8:9 (see Di ) Job 28:2 compare Job 28:3.

5. a weight, originally stone (see Prov 27:3 compare English weight stone = 14 lb) אַבְנֵיכִֿיס Prov 16:11 (compare Assyrian Dl^{W 38}); הַמֶּלֶח ׳ א 2Sam 14:26 (i.e. accusative to royal standard; compare COT ^{Gen 23:16} ); ׳ וָא ׳ א Deut 25:13; Prov 20:10; Prov 20:23 (i.e. different weights, for dishonest use); כִּיס אַבְנֵי מִרְמָה Mic 6:11 just weights אַבְנֵיצֶֿדֶק Lev 19:36 שְׁלֵמָה ׳ א Prov 11:1 hence also heavy mass of metal (lead) Zech 5:8.

6. plummet Isa 34:11 (stones of devastation, or emptiness, compare on sense 2Kgs 21:13 ; Amos 7:7; Amos 7:8); also made of metal הַבְּדִּיל ׳ הא Zech 4:10 (conversely plummet from plumbum).

7. objects like stones; particularly hail, explicitly, אַבְנֵי הַבָּרָד Josh 10:11 compare Isa 30:30 אֶלְגָּבִישׁ ׳ א Ezek 13:11; Ezek 13:18; Ezek 38:22 but also אֲבָנִים גְּדֹלוֺת Josh 10:11 ( E ) (compare Assyrian Dl^{W 38}); lime-stones אַבְנֵיגִֿר Isa 27:9.

8. in simile (mostly poetry) of sinking in water Exod 15:5 = Neh 9:11 motionlessness Exod 15:16 strength Job 6:12 firmness Job 41:16 solidity (of ice) Job 38:30 in prose, of commonness 1Kgs 10:27; 2Chr 1:15 also metaphor of one in fear 1Sam 25:37 (i.e. petrified with terror, compare Exod 15:16 above); ׳ לֵב הָא = perverse, hard heart Ezek 11:19; Ezek 36:26 אַבְנֵינֵֿזֶר Zech 9:16 (of ransomed Israel) — ׳ א personified Hab 2:11 compare Hab 2:19 compare Ezek 13:11 (see 7 above)

9. In topographic terms (nearly = proper name); אֶבֶן בֹּהַן Josh 15:6; Josh 18:17 הָעֶזֶר ׳ א 1Sam 5:1 compare 1Sam 7:12, also 1Sam 4:1 (We Dr); ׳ הָא הָאָ֑זֶל 1Sam 20:19, read הָאַרְגָּב הַלָּאז see ᵐ5 here & 1Sam 20:41 (We Dr Klo); הַזֹּחֶלֶת ׳ א 1Kgs 1:9 (where We^{Skizzen III, 171} compare Arabic Zuhal = Saturn).