BDB7636
קָשֶׁה adjective hard, severe; — absolute ׳ ק Exod 18:26 +; construct Exod 32:9 +; feminine singular קָשָׁה Deut 26:6 +; construct קְשַׁת 1Sam 1:15 masculine plural קָשִׁים 2Sam 3:39 construct קְשֵׁי Ezek 2:4; Ezek 3:7 feminine plural קָשׁוֺת Gen 42:7; Gen 42:30 —
1.
hard, difficult, of a legal question (דָּבָר) Exod 18:26 (
E
).
2.
a.
severe, of battle 2Sam 2:17, wind Isa 27:8, servitude (עֲבֹדָה) 1Kgs 12:4 = 2Chr 10:4;
Deut 26:6; Isa 14:3; Exod 1:14; Exod 6:9 (both
P
); as n.collective הִרְאִיתָ עַמְּךָ קָשָׁה
Ps 60:5
thou hast made thy people see severe things; קְשֵׁה יוֺם
Job 30:25
i.e. one whose time (life) is hard, so 1Sam 1:15 (reading קְשַׁת יוֺם for רוּחַ
׳
ק,
ᵐ5
Th
We
Dr and others); severe, rough, of lord (
אֲדֹנִים) Isa 19:4, compare 2Sam 3:39 (with מִן compare [מִמֶּנּוּ
? see HPS]); הָלוֺח וְקָשָׁה עַלֿ
Judg 4:24 the
hand of the sons of Israel went on being more and more severe upon Jabin;
fierce, relentless, of ׳
י's sword Isa 27:1 (in figurative); rough, rude
1Sam 25:3
severe things, of language Gen 42:7; Gen 42:30 (
E
; with דִּדֶּר), 1Sam 20:10; 1Kgs 12:13 = 2Chr 10:13 (all with עָנָה);
וְאָנֹכִי שָׁלוּחַ אֵלַיִח קָשָׁה
1Kgs 14:6
I am commissioned with a severe (message) unto thee (Ges
«GKC:121d»§ 121d. N.2 DaSynt. §§ 75 (d),
80); חָזוּת קָשָׁה
Isa 21:2.
b.
fierce, intense, vehement, of קִנְאָה
Song 8:6 (||
עַזָּה; compare Gen 49:9).
3.
עַםקְֿשֵׁהעֹֿרֶף
a people stiff of neck, stubborn, Exod 32:9; Exod 33:3; Exod 33:5; Exod 34:9 (all
J
E
), Deut 9:6;
Deut 9:13
עָרְפְּךָ הַקָּשֶׁה
Deut 31:27
compare דַּרְכָּם הַקָּשָׁה
Judg 2:19
קְשֵׁי פָנִים
Ezek 2:4 (+
חִזְקֵילֵֿב), קְשֵׁאלֵֿב
Ezek 3:7 (+
חִזְקֵימְֿצַח); ׳
ק alone = stubborn
Isa 48:4.