BDB6428
I. עָשָׂה2622 verb do, make (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; MI23, 26 עשתי, l.3; l.9 ואעש, l.24 Imperative עשו; Old Hebrew proper name עשיו , אלעשה, מעשיהו; not Aramaic, and not certainly found in South Semitic languages; on Sabean see especially DHMSB Berl. Akkadian 1886, 849); —
Qal2524
Perfect 3 masculine singular Gen 3:1 +, suffix עָשָׂהוּ
Hos 8:6 +; 3 feminine
singular עָֽשְׂתָה
Deut 22:21 +,
וְעָשָׂת consecutive Lev 25:21 2 masculine singular עָשִׂיתָ
Gen 3:14 +, etc.;
Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲשֶׂה
Gen 18:25 +,
וַיַּעֲשֶׂה
1Kgs 16:25 +
3 t., וַיַּעַשׂ
Isa 5:2 +;
יַעֲשֵׂה
Isa 64:3, 2
masculine singular תַּעֲשֶׂה
1Sam 10:8,
תַּעֲשֵׂה
Gen 26:29; Josh 7:9, jussive (with
אַל) תַּעַשׂ
Gen 22:12 +,
תַּעֲשֵׂה
2Sam 13:12;
Jer 40:16
Qr
(
Kt
תַּעַשׂ); 1 singular אֶעֱשֶׂה
Gen 2:18 +,
וָאֶעֱשֶׂה
Ezek 20:14;
Dan 8:27,
וָאַעַשׂ
Deut 10:3 + 4 t.
Ezekiel; etc.; Imperative masculine singular עֲשֵׂה
Judg 10:15 +;
feminine singular עֲשִׂי
Jer 6:26 +, etc.;
Infinitive absolute
עָשׂה
Jer 44:17 +;
עָשׂוֺ
Jer 7:5 + 2 t. (Jer 4:18
van d. H.
עָשׂוּ); construct עֲשׂוֺת
Gen 2:4 +, עֲשׂה
Gen 50:20 + 2
t., עֲשׂוֺ
Gen 31:28,
suffix עֲשׂתוֺ
Gen 41:32 +,
עֲשׂהוּ
Exod 18:18,
etc.; Participle
active
עשֶֹׁה
Isa 5:5 +, suffix
הָעשֹׁוֺ
Job 40:19 (but
see below); plural עשִֹׁים
Gen 24:49 +;
suffix עשָֹׁ֑י
Job 35:10 (yet
see Ges«GKC:124k»§ 124k), etc.; passive
עָשׂוּי
Exod 3:16 +,
הֶעָשׂוּ
Job 41:25 (
Ges«GKC:75k»§ 75k); feminine עֲשׂוּיָה
Ezek 21:20 +,
etc.; —
I.
1.
do (1560 + t.):
a. (1) with accusative active Gen 3:14 (
J
) Gen
20:10
(
E
) + often; do right in eyes of ׳
י
2Kgs 12:3
; 2Kgs
14:13 +,
evil 2Kgs
8:18
;
2Kgs 8:27
+
(compare I. עַיִן
3.c.); do God's commands, statutes, etc.,
Deut
16:12
; Deut
30:8
;
Num 15:39
(
P
); חַיִל
׳
ע
1Sam
14:48
+ do might, i.e. mightily, valiantly;
Prov
31:39
do efficiency, i.e. efficiently; = commit (offence) Lev 20:13 (
H
),
Deut 20:18 followed by מִן particle, וְעָשָׂה מֵאַחַת מֵהֵנָּה
Lev 4:2
and shall do a single one of them (things prohibited; see
מִן
3.b. (d)), compare ׳
וְעָשׂוּ אַחַת מִכָּלמִֿצְוֺת י
Lev 4:13
Lev 4:22
; Lev 5:17
(all
P
); do = perform a work, with accusative of
cognate meaning with verb מַעֲשֶׂה
Exod
18:20; Exod 23:12 (
E
), also (׳
י subject) Deut 11:7; Dan 9:14; Eccl 3:11 with accusative
מְלָאכָה
Gen 2:2
(twice in verse) (
J
),
Exod
20:9; Exod 20:10 = Deut 9:13 (10 Words); with
accusative דְּרָכֶיךָ
Isa
58:13
מְלוּכָה עַל
׳
ע
1Kgs
21:7 = exercise sovereignty over; of ׳
י performing signs (אֹתֹת) Josh 24:17 (
E
),
Num 14:11; Num 14:22 (
J
E
),
Deut
11:3, so Moses Exod 4:17 and (מֹפְתִים
)
Exod
4:21. (2) do something to one (ל
person)
Gen 20:9 (
E
),
Judg
9:56 +; with עַל reflexive Jer
26:19
do evil against ourselves; especially ׳
י subject, with לְ, do good to Exod 18:9
(
E
),
2Kgs
8:66, or evil Gen 42:28 (
E
); in phrase so may God do to me, etc. 1Sam 3:17; 2Kgs
6:31 + (see
יסף
Hiph`il
1.). (3) do something for one (ל person) Gen 30:31
;
1Kgs 11:8
+,
direct object omitted
1Sam 20:4
+
ל of thing Judg 21:7; Judg 21:16
what shall
we do for them, for wives ? with עַל person Neh 5:19 with dativus
ethicus [dative
of
interest] (ל) 1Sam 10:7 with לְ, of ׳
י doing kindness for 1Sam 22:3 executing vengeance for Judg 11:36 (+ מִן
of enemy);
׳
י doing a sign (אוֺת) for Judg 6:17 (elsewhere נָתַן אוֺת
לְ), compare
עֲשֵׂהעִֿמִּי אוֺת לְטוֺבָה
Ps 86:17
.
(4)
do something (in relation or intercourse) wilth (אֵת person), ׳
י subject Deut 1:30
all that he did with you, Deut 10:21 (compare Ps 86:17 above), human
subject 2Chr 24:24
(object שְׁפָטִים
),
Ruth 2:11
. (5) seldom with ב, usually of executing judgment upon 1Sam 28:18; Isa 48:14
, more generally
Esth 1:15
what shall we do with the queen ? also, subject ׳
י, Ezek 25:11; Ezek 28:26; Ps 149:7; Ps 149:9
; Num
33:4 (on false gods); in good sense, ׳
חֲסָדִים בּ
׳
ע
Neh
13:14.
(6)
of ׳
י
doing the justice (מִשְׁפַּט) of any one, i.e. maintaining his
cause
1Kgs 8:45
;
1Kgs 8:49
;
Ps 9:5. (7)
with
adverb
do thus, כֹּה, Josh 6:14 (
J
E
), according to, כְּ
Gen 6:22
(
P
), Gen
18:21
(
J
),
1Kgs 2:6
accusative as, כַּאֲשֶׁר
Gen 27:19
(
J
);
Exod 1:17
(
E
) +; with בְּ of manner, Judg 9:16a, Ezek 8:18; Ezek 25:15.
b.
work for (ל of thing) Gen 30:30 (
J
); with ל person 1Sam 14:6; Ezek 29:20 (for
׳
י); work in (ב) gold or other material 1Kgs
7:14;
2Chr 2:6
;
2Chr
2:13
;
Exod 31:4
;
Exod 31:5
;
Exod
35:32
(all
P
); with בָּהּ (i.e. בָּעֲבֹדָה) Exod 5:9 (
J
) in toil; work with (עִם) God 1Sam
14:45, so probably of
God's
working with (אֵת) Moses and Aaron 1Sam 12:6 (usually appoint
); with
אֵת
with (of person in whose company, in whose field Ruth 2:19 (twice in verse)
(gleaning); work
בְּחֵפֶץ כַּפֶּיהָ
Prov 31:13
without preposition Exod 36:1; Neh 3:28.
2.
deal with, with עִם, 2Chr 2:2; Dan 1:13 (
כַּאֲשֶׁר
accusative as); with אֵת, Ezek 20:44; Ps
109:21; Ezek 22:14
; Zeph
3:19
(perhaps; Gr
Now insert כָּלָה, see II 1 g), +
כְּ
Jer 21:2
,
+
בְּ of manner Ezek 23:25; Ezek 23:29 with לְ
person + בְּ
Ezek 25:12
with בְּ person, Jer 18:23; Dan 11:7, + כְּ
according to
Neh 9:24
;
Esth
3:11
.
3. often in phrase, do kindness (חֶסֶד) with:
with
(עִמָּדִ) עִם
Gen 19:19
;
Gen 24:12
;
Gen 12:14
(
J
),
Judg 1:24
; Judg
8:35
;
1Sam 15:6
; 2Sam
2:5;
2Sam 10:2 =
1Chr 19:2
+;
with
עַל,
1Sam 20:8 (but read עִם
Vrss
We
Dr and others); absolute, Ps 109:16 object
חֶסֶד +
אֱמֶת, with עִם, Josh 2:14 (
J
E
)
Judg 9:19
; 2Sam
2:6
with
אֵת
with, Gen 24:49; Gen 32:11; Gen 47:29 (all
J
); with לְ, Exod 20:6 = Deut 5:10; 2Sam 22:51 = Ps 18:51 so
טוֺב
׳
ע, with עִם, Gen 26:29 (
J
), compare
Judg
8:35;
Judg
9:16
with אֵת
with, 1Sam 24:19; 2Sam 2:6.
4. absolute act, act with effect, especially of ׳
י,
1Kgs 8:32;
1Kgs 8:39; Jer
14:7;
Ezek
20:9;
Ezek 20:14; Ezek 20:22; Ps 22:32; Ps 37:5; Ps 52:11; Dan 9:19
of men 2Chr 31:21; Dan 8:12; Dan 8:24; Dan 11:28; Dan 11:30; Dan 11:32
with ל of person Ezek 31:11.
II.
1.
make (670 + t.):
a. with object concrete, ark Gen 8:6,
altar Gen 13:4
, idols Judg 18:24;
Judg
18:31
+, etc.
b.
often of God's making (creating) Gen 3:1 (
J
), Gen
1:7;
Gen 1:16
; Gen 1:25
(
P
), Neh
9:6
;
Job 9:9;
Prov 8:26
;
2Chr 2:11
;
Ps 95:5
+;
making
man Ps
100:3
;
Ps
119:73
(made by God's hands), in the womb Job 31:15 (twice in verse); making, constituting, nation
Deut
26:19;
Deut 32:6; Deut 32:15
participle suffix
עשֵֹׁהוּ
his Maker
Isa 17:7
;
Prov 14:31
;
Prov 17:5
(
הָעשֹׁוֺ
Job
40:19
is
improbable, most read הֶעָשָׂוּי, with various interpretation of following words);
עשֶֹׁךָ
Isa
51:13,
עשֵֹׁנִי
Job
32:23
(
Ginsb; Job 32:22
van d. H.
Baer), עשֵֹׁנוּ
Ps 95:6
so
apparently plural participle עשָֹׁ֑י
Job
35:10,
עשַֹׁיִךְ
Isa 54:5
(
Ges«GKC:124k»§ 124k explanation as sg.).
c.
make something, with לְ reflexive, make for thee
Exod 20:4
;
Deut 9:12
;
Deut 10:1
+, for
(ל) another 1Sam 2:19; 2Sam 7:11; 1Kgs 2:24 +; object
מִשְׁתֶּה
banquet
Gen
40:20
;
Esth 5:4
,
also
(no ל) Gen 29:22 (
E
)
Judg
14:10;
Esth
5:5;
Esth
5:12 and (figurative, ׳
י subject) Isa 25:6 with ל of thing, Deut 22:8 with
ל
of
animal Gen
33:17
(
J
).
d.
make a name (שֵׁם) for oneself (ל) 2Sam 7:9
;
1Chr
17:8
,
also (no ל) 2Sam 8:13 a new heart for oneself (ל
)
Ezek
18:31
.
e.
make war with (אֶת) Gen 14:2; Josh 11:18 (
D
); with עִם, Deut 20:12; Deut 20:20;
1Chr 5:10; 1Chr
5:19
absolute 1Chr 22:8 with ל reflexive
Prov 24:6
participle
עשֵֹׁה מִלְחָמָה
2Chr
11:1
;
2Chr 26:11; 2Chr 26:13
make peace, with ל person Josh 9:15 (
J
); אִתִּי בְרָכָה
׳
ע
2Kgs
18:31
make an agreement with me.
f. with ב
,
׳
פֶּרֶץ בּ
׳
ע
Judg
21:15
׳
י
brought a catastrophe upon (compare פרץ).
g. with double accusative, make something out of (accusative
of material)
Exod
25:18
;
Exod 28:13; Exod 37:17; Exod 37:24;
Song 3:10; Deut 10:3
+; make
something into something (Ges
«GKC:117ii»§
117ii) Hos
8:4; Gen
27:9;
Judg 17:4; Num
11:8;
Num 17:3; Ps
104:4
make something כָּלָה, i. e. utterly destroy it Nah
1:8
;
Zeph
1:18
;
Ezek 20:17; Neh 9:31 c. passive
participle as 2nd accusative
Exod 38:7
they made it
נְבוּב לֻחֹת
hollow with boards, Exod 39:9 but also with accusative +
לְ
,
Hos 2:10
gold they made into (ל) the Baal, Judg 8:27;
Exod 27:3 (
P
),
Deut 9:14; Jer 37:15; Ezek 4:9; Isa 44:17
;
Isa 44:19
make something for (ל person), + מִן
of
material
Song
3:9.
2.
produce, yield: of grain, yielding meal Hos 8:7 (twice in verse), vineyard,
grapes Isa
5:2 (twice
in verse);
Isa 5:4
(twice in
verse);
Isa 5:10
, tree, fruit 2Kgs 19:30 = Isa 37:31; Hos 9:16; Jer 12:2
;
Jer 17:8; Ezek 17:23 (all
figurative),
Gen
1:11;
Gen 1:12 (
P
); branches Job 14:9 and (figurative) Ezek 17:8 land, fruit Lev
25:21 compare Hab 3:17,
absolute
Gen
41:47 of
seed Isa
5:10
,
vine, shoots
Ezek
17:6 (figurative); of cows, yielding milk Isa 7:22 hippop.
producing fat
Job
15:27
.
3.
prepare, especially of dressing and cooking food, Gen 18:7; Gen 18:8
;
Judg 6:19;
Judg 13:5;
1Sam
25:18
(passive),
2Sam 12:4 (twice in verse);
Gen
27:14
;
Gen
27:17
;
Gen
27:31
;
2Sam
13:5
;
2Sam
13:7
;
1Kgs 17:12
;
Exod
12:39 (+ ל reflexive); a bullock for sacrifice (see below) 1Kgs
18:23; 1Kgs 18:25
;
1Kgs
18:26
כְּלֵי
גוֺלָה
Ezek
12:3
(+
ל reflexive); a chamber Neh 13:7
prepare to build (+ ל person and infinitive).
4.
make offering, e.g. עוֺלָה
Judg
13:16
;
Jer
33:18
;
Lev
16:24
,
עוֺלָה וָזֶבַח
2Kgs
5:17
(+
ל of deity), הַחַטָּאת
Lev
14:19
,
אִשֶּׁה
Num 15:3
;
Num
15:14
,
various offerings
1Kgs 8:64;
Lev 9:22; Ezek 45:17; Ezek 46:2 +; + ׳
לי
to
׳
י
Lev 17:9
+;
also
with accusative of thing sacrificed (perhaps originally prepare or
provide
, see above) Ezek 43:25 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:15; Lev
14:30;
Lev 15:15; Lev 15:30
;
Lev 16:9
;
Num 6:11
;
Num 6:17
;
Ps
66:15
(+
ל of deity) +; absolute = offer sacrifice
Exod
10:25
(
E
+ ׳
לי), to (ל) heathen gods 2Kgs 17:32.
5.
attend to, put in order: pare (the nails) Deut 21:12 wash (feet) 2Sam
19:25 trim (beard) v.2Sam 19:25
(compare French faire la barbe, German die Haare machen
).
6.
observe, celebrate, religious festival, e.g. passover Exod 12:48; Num 9:4;
Num 9:6;
Num 9:13
;
Josh 5:10, also (+ ׳
לי) Exod 12:48; Num 9:10; Num 9:14 (all
P
),
Deut
16:1
+; sabbath Exod 31:16; Deut 5:15 feast of weeks Deut 16:10,
booths
Deut 16:13, Purim Esth 9:21;
Esth
9:27
,
etc.
7.
acquire property of various kinds (compare 'make money') Gen 12:5; Gen 31:5
(
J
),
Isa
15:7
;
Jer
17:11; Jer 48:36; Deut 8:18; Ezek 22:18; Ezek
28:4 (twice in verse); Ezek 38:12
;
2Chr 32:29
; Eccl 2:8
+
ל reflexive Deut 8:17; 2Sam 15:1; 1Kgs 1:5 of fruits from vineyards, etc.
Ps 107:37
.
8.
appoint priests 1Kgs 12:31; 1Kgs 13:33; 2Chr 2:17 (all +
מִן source), a feast
1Kgs 12:32
;
1Kgs
12:33
(+ ל person); ordain a sacrifice Num 28:6, a festal
day
Ps 118:24
institute, אוֺב וְיִדְּעֹנִי
ghost and familiar spirit
2Kgs
21:6
=
2Chr
33:6
(compare Dr
Deut
18:11
).
9.
bring about, of ׳
י's effecting a deliverance Exod 14:13 (לָכֶם), 1Sam
11:13; 2Sam 23:10
(insert also ||
1Chr 11:13
Dr), 1Chr 11:12
cause, followed by clause with שֶׁ
Eccl
3:14
.
10.
use, לִמְלַאכְתּוֺ
׳
וְע
1Sam 8:16
passive
Exod
38:24.
11.
spend, pass, days of life Eccl 6:12.
Niph`al97
Perfect 3 masculine singular נַעֲשָׂה
Judg
16:11
+; 3
feminine singular נֶעֶשְׂתָה
2Sam
17:23
+,
etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵעָשֶׂה
Gen 29:26
+,
3
feminine singular with ו subordinate וְתֵעָשׂ
Esth 5:6;
Esth 7:2;
Esth 9:12
(
Ges«GKC:109»§ 109 f.), etc.; Infinitive
construct
הֵעָשׂוֺת
Esth 9:1;
Esth 9:14
,
etc.,
Participle
נַעֲשֶׂה
Neh 5:18
,
etc.; —
1.
be done (passive of
Qal I. 1.):
a. subject מְלָאכָה
Judg
16:11 (with ב instrumental), Neh 6:16 (with
מֵאֵת
אֱלֹהִים ), Neh 6:9; Exod 12:16 + 4 t.; subject
omitted
Ezek
44:14,
indefinite
Esth
4:1 with כֵּן
Esth
9:14
be done, כַּתּוֺרָה
Ezra
10:3
be committed, of offence, Deut 13:15; Num
15:24;
Eccl
4:1
+ 3 t.; with negative
not (yet) done, i.e. future Isa 46:10
be accomplished, performed, fulfilled
Ezek
12:35;
Ezek
12:38; Dan 11:36; Esth 5:5; Esth 7:2;
Esth 9:12
be executed, carried out, of sentence Eccl 8:11, decree
Esth 9:1
be followed, of counsel 2Sam 17:28 nearly =
occur
Eccl 1:9
(twice in verse);
Eccl 1:13;
Eccl 9:3;
Eccl 9:6, subject
מַעֲשֶׂה
Eccl
1:14
;
Eccl 2:17;
Eccl 4:3;
Eccl 8:9; Eccl 8:17,
subject הֶבֶל
Eccl 8:14
, עִנְיָן
Eccl 8:15
.
b.
Imperfect with negative, is (are) not done, not
according to
usage,
of flagrant offences
Gen 20:9 (
E
),
Gen
29:26 (with כֵּן), Gen 34:7
(both
J
),
2Sam 13:12 (כֵּן); hence (
P
) not to be done, forbidden by ׳
י
Lev
4:2;
Lev 4:13
;
Lev 4:22
;
Lev
4:27;
Lev
5:17.
c.
be done to, with ל of animal 1Sam 11:7 (
כֹּה);
ל person Exod 2:4 (
E
)
Exod
21:31 (
E
; כַּמִּשְׁפָּט), Isa 3:11;
Jer 5:13 (
כֹּה),
Lev
24:19 (
H
; כֵּן), Num 15:34 (
P
) + 8 t.; be done for, ל person
Judg
11:37;
Esth
6:3, עִם person
Esth 6:3
ל of thing Num 15:11 (כָּכָה).
d.
be done upon, against (ב) Dan 9:12.
2. (passive of
Qal
II)
:
a.
be made, of conr. things 1Kgs 10:20 = 2Chr 9:19
(throne),
Jer
3:16 (ark), 2Kgs 12:14; Ezek 43:18
;
Exod 25:31; Num 4:36 (
P
); with accusative mat; Lev 2:7.
b.
be produced from (מִן) vine Num 6:4
.
c.
be prepared, of food Exod 12:16;
Lev 6:14
;
Lev 7:9 (all
P
),
Neh
5:18 (twice in verse).
d.
be offered, מִנְחָה
Lev 2:8;
Lev
2:11, kid
Num 28:15
;
Num 28:24
.
e.
be observed, passover
2Kgs
24:22
;
2Kgs
24:23
(ל
of deity) =
2Chr
35:18
;
2Chr
35:19 Purim Esth 9:28
.
f.
be used + ל of thing Lev
7:24 (
P
);
Lev 13:51 (
P
)
Ezek
15:5 (twice
in verse).
Pu`al
Perfect 1 singular עֻשֵּׂיתִי
Ps 139:15
I was made.