BDB5765
עָבַר548 verb pass over, through, by, pass on (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Zinjirli עבר Haph`el Lzb336 Cook88, perhaps also Nabataean עבר Idib.; ᵑ7 עֲבַר, Syriac [untranscribed source text 3690] id.; Assyrian ebêru , id. DlHWB 10, and derivatives; Arabic [untranscribed source text 3691] id., and derivatives; Sabean עבר = Hebrew עִבַּר 1. MordtSabDenkm 49; עברת passage, march through DHMZMG xxix (1875), 614 also bank or neighbourhood of a stream SabDenkm49); —
Qal465
Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳
ע
Gen 15:17 +,
suffix עֲבָרוֺ
Jer 23:9 1
singular עָבַ֫רְתִּי
1Sam 15:24 +; 2
masculine plural עֲבַרְתֶּם
Gen 18:5 +; 1 plural
עָבַ֫רְנוּ
Josh 24:17 +,
etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲבֹר
Amos 8:5 +,
יַעֲבָרֿ
Gen 33:14 +,
suffix 3 masculine singular יַעַבְרֶ֫נּוּ
Isa 33:21;
Isa 35:8,
יַעַבְרֶ֫נְהוּ
Jer 5:22,
וַיַּעֲבֹר
Gen 12:6 +; 1
singular אֶעֱבֹר
Amos 5:17 +,
cohortative אֶעְבְּרָה
Num 21:22 +,
אֶעֱבֹ֑רָה
Num 20:19; Judg 12:5, etc.;
Imperative masculine singular עֲבֹר
Exod 17:5 +;
feminine singular עִבְרִי
Mic 1:11 + 2 t.;
עֲבֹ֑רִי
Isa 23:12
masculine plural עִבְרוּ
Amos 6:2 +;
Infinitive absolute
עָבוֺר
2Sam 17:16
construct
עֲבֹר
Amos 7:8 +,
לַעֲבָרֿ
1Kgs 18:6 + Nah 2:1
Qr
(
Kt
לעבור); suffix עָבְרִי
Exod 33:22;
Deut 4:21, etc.;
Participle
עֹבֵר
Judg 8:4 +, etc.; —
1.
pass over:
a. = cross (stream, wady, sea, etc.), (1) with accusative Gen 31:21
(
E
),
Gen 32:11 (
J
), Josh
3:14;
Josh 3:17;
Josh 4:1 (all
J
E
), Deut
2:14 (
D
),
Num 32:29 (
P
), 2Sam 17:20; 2Sam 17:22; 2Sam 17:24; Isa 16:8, + 37 t., + Gen 32:23 (
E
; accusative מַעֲבַר), וְעָֽבְרָה הָֽעֲבָרָה לַעֲבִיר
2Sam 19:19
(read וַיַּעַבְרוּ
We
Dr
Kit Löhr, and they crossed the ford, or
וְעָֽבְרוּ frequent., HPS; >
ᵐ5
Klo
Bu
וַיַּעַבְדוּ הָעֲבֹדָה
and they performed the service); also with accusative + accusative of location 1Sam 13:7, +
ה locative Deut 4:26; Deut 31:13; Deut 32:47. (2) accusative omitted Judg 3:28; 2Sam 17:16
(twice in verse) + 32 t., + עֹבֵר
Judg 8:4 (read
וַיַּעֲבֹר
Vrss
, or strike out as gloss GFM
Bu), 2Sam 15:23 a (where read עֹמֵד for
ᵑ0
עֹבֵר
We
Dr
Bu
Kit Löhr HPS, but strike
out עֹבְרִים, plausibly, Klo
HPS); with אֶלֿ
Num 32:7 (
J
E
), Deut
27:2 (
D
), Josh
4:13; Josh 22:19 (both
P
), with אֶלעֵֿבֶר
Deut 30:13
, with הָעֵבֶר
1Sam 26:13
with ה locative Deut 3:21; Deut 4:14; Deut 6:1; Deut 11:8; Deut 11:11; Deut 34:4; Isa 23:6 with accusative
of location
Isa 23:12; Jer 2:10; Num 32:32 (
P
).
b.
cross border, boundary, with accusative Num 20:17 b Num 21:22 b (both
J
E
), + אֶלֿ
1Sam 27:2
of invasion, accusative omitted, with אֶלֿ
Judg
11:32;
Judg 12:3; 1Sam 14:1; 1Sam 14:6; 1Sam 14:8, with ה
locative
2Kgs 8:21, absolute 2Chr 21:9.
c.
cross over (that is, intervening space) against (עַלֿ) 1Sam 14:4
, unto 2Sam 24:20 (read אֶלֿ for עַלֿ
Bu
HPS, compare
ᵐ5
L
), so perhaps also Isa 45:14 (עַל; read אֶל ?);
with accusative of goal Amos 5:5; Amos 6:2.
d.
pass, march over (that is, bodies of captives), Isa 51:23 (twice
in verse).
e. = overflow, figurative,
Isa 23:10, absolute of invasion (like a flood) Isa 8:8, hence Dan 11:10;
Dan 11:40; Nah 1:8 (compare 4.c.); of evil thoughts
Ps 73:7
compare
עָֽבְרוּ דִבְרֵירָֿ֑ע
Jer
5:28
they overflow with evil matters.
f.
pass, go, over, of waves, over one's head, usually with
עַלֿ
Isa
54:9;
Ps 42:8; Ps 88:17; Ps 124:4; Ps
124:5 (all figurative), Jonah 2:4 with
accusative Ps
38:5, compare Jer 23:9
over whom wine hath gone (= overcome with wine).
g. of razor passing over head, with עַל
Num
6:50 figurative of time passing over
one, with עַלֿ
1Chr 29:30
(compare Biblical Aramaic חלף על
Dan
4:13 +).
h.
pass over upon (עַלֿ), in weakened sense, nearly =
come or light upon; of spirit Num 5:14 (twice in verse); Num 5:30
absolute + מֵאֵת
1Kgs
22:24 = 2Chr 18:23
with עַלֿ also light upon in
chastisement or judgment, Hos 10:11; Job 13:13,
compare Nah
3:19;
Deut 24:5
no affair shall pass over upon (עַלֿ)
him, i.e. no duty be laid upon him.
i.
overstep, transgress, with accusative of covenant, command, etc.
(usually divine); Num 14:41; Josh 7:11
;
Josh 7:15 (all
J
E
),
Deut 17:2; Deut
26:13; Josh 23:16 (all
D
),
Judg 2:20; 1Sam
15:24; Hos
6:7; Hos
8:1;
2Kgs 18:12; Jer
34:18; Isa 24:5; Ps 148:6
;
2Chr 24:20; Dan 9:11
command of earthly king Esth 3:3 absolute Ps 17:3.
j.
pass over = overlook, forgive
עַלפֶּֿשַׁע
Mic
7:18 (+ לְ person),
Prov 19:11 with לְ person
only,
Amos 7:8; Amos 8:2
.
2.
Pass beyond, with accusative 1Sam 14:23 (of battle), Jer 5:22 (twice in verse) (of
sea); +
אֶל
Gen 31:52
(twice in verse) (
E
); pass a little beyond
מְעַט מֵהָראֹשׁ
׳
ע
2Sam 16:1
, כִּמְעַט
שֶׁעָבַרְתִּי מֵהֶם
Song 3:4
with
accusative of God's command (פֶּה), Prov 8:29 (of sea), Num 22:18 = Num 24:13
(
J
E
); accusative omitted Job 14:5; Ps 104:9.
3.
Pass through, traverse, usually
a. with בְּ of
land,
city, etc.:
Num 22:21 (
E
),
Num 20:21; Josh 18:9 (
J
E
),
Exod
12:2 (
P
), 1Sam
9:4
(4 t. in verse); 2Sam 20:14 (+ ה locative), + 31 t.; with
בְּתוֺךְ
Ezek 9:4;
Job
15:19
with בְּקֶרֶב of camp, nation(s) Josh 1:11; Josh 3:2 (
D
),
Josh 24:17 (
E
),
Amos 5:17; Deut 29:15 with accusative Deut 2:18; Deut 29:15; Judg 11:29
(twice in verse); Isa 10:29; Job 14:5 is pass over, beyond (compare
1.i.); absolute Exod 12:23 (
J
),
Num 20:19; Num 20:20 (
J
E
),
Deut 2:28; Mic 5:7; Lam 3:44; Ezek 14:15; Ezek
33:28 opposed to שׁוּב, pass through and return,
go to and fro, Exod 32:27 (
E
; ׳
מִשַּׁעַר לָשַׁעַר בְּ), participle absolute those going to and fro
Ezek
35:7; Zech 7:14; Zech 9:8.
b. with בְּ
of river 2Sam 19:19 + 2Sam 15:23 (but read עֹמֵד
We
Dr
Bu and others), of sea Zech 10:11, compare
Isa 43:2
;
Ps 66:6, with בְּתוֺךְ
Num 33:8
(
P
),
Neh 9:11 with בְּ of gates Isa 62:10
(twice in verse); compare עֹבְרֵי
בְּעֵמֶק
Ps 84:7
(Ges«GKC:130a»§ 130a).
c. participle absolute הָעֹבְרִים
the passers-through
Ezek 39:11 a, read probably הָעֲבָרִים (
JDMich
Hi
Co
Berthol), Ezek 39:11 b (Co
reads אֶתהַֿגַּיְא; Toy strike out as
gloss),
Ezek 39:14 (strike out
ᵐ5
ᵑ6
Co Toy Berthol
).
d.
pass through between (בֵּין) parts of victim, in covenant Gen
15:7 (
J
),
Jer 34:18; Jer 34:19.
e.
traverse with accusative of expanse of water Isa 33:21 (of
ship).
4.
a.
pass along by (עַלֿ), Gen 18:5 (
J
; not סַרְתֶּם אֶלֿ Ball after
ᵐ5
),
1Kgs
9:8;
Jer 18:16 + 14 t.; with עַלפָּֿנָיו
Exod 34:6
(
J
); with accusative Gen 32:32; Judg 3:26 (on other possibilities see GFM
), 2Kgs
6:9
absolute pass by
Exod
33:22
(twice in verse) (
J
),
2Kgs
4:8 + 15 t., + (of wind) Job 37:21; Prov 10:25 and (of waters, =
flow past)
Hab 3:10
(compare Job
6:15), Job 11:16, hence מוֺר עֹבֵר
Song 5:5;
Song 5:13
flowing myrrh (liquid, opposed to hard = דְּרוֺר
׳
מ
Exod
30:23
); participle = passer-by
Mic 2:8;
Ezek 5:14
;
Ezek
36:34
;
Ezek 39:15 + 6 t. (Prov 26:10 see Toy), + עֹבֵר אֹרַח
Isa 33:8
,
עֹבְרֵי דֶרֶךְ
Lam 1:12
;
Lam 2:15
;
Job
21:29
;
Prov
9:15;
Ps 80:13; Ps 89:42
pass by = overtake and pass with accusative 2Sam
18:23
.
b.
pass by, בְּ of thing, Ps 103:16 (of wind).
c.
sweep by, of scourge (figurative) Isa 28:15;
Isa 28:18; Isa
28:19 (compare מַעֲבָר
3).
d.
be past, over, of time, etc., Amos 8:5; 1Kgs 18:29
; Gen
50:4;
Song 2:11 + 7 t.
e.
pass along (from hand to hand), only participle שֶׁקֶל כֶּסֶף
עֹבֵר
לַסֹּחֵר
Gen
23:16 i.e. current money
of the merchant (or, money passing over to
merchant ? BuThLz 1892 (3), 63);
כֶּסֶף עֹבֵר
2Kgs
12:5.
5.
Pass on, go on:
a. absolute Gen 18:5 (
J
),
Num 22:26 (
E
),
Judg
12:1 + 20 t., + Judg 11:29; Judg 18:13; Josh 10:29 (
D
; all with accusative of goal + מִן), Gen 18:3 (
J
; with מֵעַל person); also with אֶלֿ person or thing,
proceed unto
1Kgs
19:19
; 2Kgs
4:8
; Neh
2:14
, with עַלֿ person (read אֶלֿ ?) Lam 4:21 with מִן
Ruth 2:8,
out of the city
2Sam
15:24
with ה locative Judg 12:1; 2Sam 19:41, with ה locative +
מִן
Josh
10:31
;
Josh
10:34 (
D
); מֵעִיר לָעִיר בארץ
׳
ע
2Chr
30:10
absolute 2Sam 19:41
all the people of Judah proceeding with the king (read עֹבְרִים
for
ויעברו, see
Hiph`il near the end).
b. specifically of boundary-line
, pass on, with ה locative Num 34:4 (twice in
verse);
Josh 15:3
;
Josh
15:4;
Josh 16:6 (omit אוֺתוֺ
ᵐ5
ᵑ9
compare Benn:
Hpt
Steuern); + מִן
Josh
19:13 + מִן + אֶלֿ
Josh
18:13 with מִן + לְ
Josh 15:6
with אֶלֿ
Josh 15:7
;
Josh 15:10; Josh 16:2; Josh 18:18; Josh 18:19 with
accusative of location
Josh 15:3
;
Josh 15:10; Josh 15:11 (all
P
, except
Josh 16:2
J
E
).
c. with לִפְנֵי
pass on before, go in advance of
Gen
32:17
;
Exod
17:5 (both
E
),
Gen 32:22;
Gen 33:3; Gen 33:14 (all
J
),
Deut
9:3 + 7 t., + Deut 3:18; Deut 3:28; Deut 31:3 (twice in verse); Josh 1:14
(all
D
) where reference may be to crossing in advance of; with
עַלפְּֿנֵי
2Sam
15:18 so 2Sam 15:23 b (reading עַלפָּֿנָיו
ᵐ5
L
We
Dr
Klo
Bu
Kit
HPS).
d.
pass on as far as (עַד), Judg 19:12, + מִן
Judg
19:18 with אַחֲרֵי
after
2Sam 20:13
תַּעֲבָרכּֿוֺס עַל
Lam
4:21
pass on unto (compare תִּסּוֺב
Hab
2:16
).
e.
pass on into (בְּ), Josh 3:11 ( + לִפְנֵי
),
Josh 4:7 (both
J
E
), compare
Judg 9:26; Job 33:28, so also
׳
בִּבְרִית י
׳
ע
Deut 29:11
enter into a covenant with
׳
י; (Klo reads ׳
וַיַּעֲכֹר בַּבּ also 2Kgs 23:3 for
ᵑ0
ויעמד).
f.
pass on away from (מֵאֵת) Deut 2:8 ( +
ה
locative).
g.
pass on in order, for counting 2Sam 2:15,
עַליְֿדֵי
מוֺנֶה
Jer 33:13, עֹבֵר עַלהַֿפְּקֻדִים
Exod 30:13; Exod 30:14; Exod 38:26, also pass on
under (
תַּחַת) rod Lev 27:32 (for counting; all
P
; compare
Hiph`il
3.d.).
h.
pass along, travel with accusative of way Isa
35:8
compare Isa
51:10
אָרְחוֺת יַמִּים עֹבֵר
Ps 8:9 with בְּ of way Josh 3:4; Prov 4:15; Prov 7:8.
i.
pass on, advance, absolute, Ps 48:5
(Ol
We
pass away, perish), Mic
2:13 a
(accusative of location).
6.
Pass away:
a.
emigrate, leave one's territory or city
Mic
1:11.
b. vanish, of chaff, Isa
29:5 compare Jer 13:24, shadow Ps
144:4, b rooks
Job 6:15
(all in simile), Song 5:6.
c. = cease to exist, perish Nah 1:12;
Job 30:15; Job
33:18 (בְּ instrumental), Job
36:12 (id.), Job
34:20;
Ps 37:36 (but read
ואעבר
and I passed by, compare 4.a.), compare Isa 31:9
(סלעו subject), מֵאֱלֹהַי מִשְׁפָּטִי יַעֲבוֺר
Isa 40:27
pass away from.
d. = become invalid, obsolete, of law, decree, Esth 1:19;
Esth 9:27, also Esth 9:28
( + מִתּוֺךְ
הַיְהוּדִים).
e. with מִן
of hands Ps
81:7 (i.e. they
were freed from).
f. = be alienated, pass
into other hands
Ezek
48:14 (reading
Kt
; >
Qr
Hiph`il). — Jer 2:20
read אֶעֱבוֺד
Kt
(not אֶעֱבוֺר
Qr
); וָאֶתֵּן לָהֶם
יַעַבְרוּם
Jer 8:13
and I gave to them that which they transgress
ᵐ5
ᵑ9
ᵑ7
Aq
Symm
Ew, those that
shall pass over them
Hi
Gf
Ke
RVm
, those that shall consume, devour them
RothstKau
(reading יְבַעֲרוּם) but all very dubious;
ᵐ5
Co strike out;
Jer 11:15 read Hiph`il
q. v.; מִנֹּגַהּ נֶּגְדּוֺ עָבָיו עָֽבְרוּ
Ps
18:13 is difficult;
perhaps best, as Che
KitKau Löhr,
out of the brightness before him issued forth
hailstones, etc. (strike out עָבָיו); > || 2Sam 22:13
בָּֽעֲרוּ and so here Bu
HPS compare
WoodsHebraica 1887, 262,
his clouds burned with hailstones, etc.; read
rather עברו in 2 singular
Niph`al
Imperfect 3 masculine singular נַחַל אֲשֶׁר
לֹא יֵעָבֵר
Ezek 47:5
a stream which cannot be forded.
Pi`el
1.
Perfect 3 masculine singular שׁוֺרוֺ עִבַּר
Job 21:10
his bull impregnateth (compare Late
Hebrew)
מְעֻבֶּרֶת
pregnant, Yeb 4:1; 4:2; 7:3; Keth 1:9';
but note also that in ᵑ7J and Talmud
(both Aramaic and Hebrew) עִבֵּר =
conceive, עִבּוּר
conception, עוֺבֵר
embryo; absolute (properly
causeth to pass over, that is semen
).
2.
Imperfect 3 masculine singular ׳
וַיְעַבֵּר בְּ
1Kgs 6:21
he made to pass across with chains of
gold. —
Hithpa`el see [
עָבַר
] below
Hiph`il
Perfect 3 masculine singular הֶעֱבִיר
2Sam 12:13
+; 2 masculine singular הֵעֲבַ֫רְתָּ
Josh
7:7 (Ges
«GKC:63p»§
63p), וְהַעֲבַרְתָּ֫
Ezek 5:1 +; 1
singular הֶעֱבַ֫רְתִּי
Zech 3:4,
וְהַעֲבַרְתִּ֫י
Ezek 20:37
+ Jer
15:14
(but read והעבדתי
ᵐ5
ᵑ6
ᵑ7
Manuscripts Ew
Hi
Gf
Gie), etc.;
Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיַּעֲבֵר
Gen
8:1 +,
וַיַּעֲבֶרֿ
2Chr 36:22
=
Ezra 1:1,
suffix וַיַּעֲבִרֵנִי
Ezek 46:21
+, etc.; Imperative masculine singular
הַעֲבֵר
Ps 119:37
+ 2 t., הַעֲבֶרֿ
2Sam 24:10
= 1Chr
21:8
masculine plural suffix הַעֲבִירוּנִי
2Chr 35:23
Infinitive absolute
הַעֲבִיר
Josh
7:7 (read
probably הַעֲבֵיר); construct
הַעֲבִיר
2Sam 3:10 +,
לַעֲבִיר
2Sam 19:19
(Ges
«GKC:53q»§ 53q), etc.; Participle
מַעֲבִיר
Deut 18:10
; Dan
11:20
, plural מַעֲבִרִים
1Sam 2:24 (see
below); —
1.
cause to pass over, bring over:
a.
cause one to cross
river, with 2 accusative,
Gen
32:24 (
J
),
Num 32:5;
Josh
7:7 (both
J
E
),
2Sam 19:16;
2Sam
19:42
accusative of river omitted Gen 32:24
(
J
),
Josh 4:3;
Josh
7:7 (+ Infinitive abs.; both
J
E
),
Josh 4:8 (
J
E
; + אֶלֿ), 2Sam
2:8 (+ accusative of location).
b.
cause something to
pass over (עַלֿ
): razor (accusative) Num
8:7 (
P
), compare Ezek 5:1
(where Co
reads
suffix of razor), wind Gen 8:1
(
P
).
c.
make over to (ל
), accusative of inheritance
Num
27:7
;
Num
27:8
(
P
); of making over,
dedicating, something to
(לְ) deity Exod 13:12
(
J
E
; = קִדַּשׂ).
Especially
d.
devote children to (
לְ) heathen god
Jer
32:35;
Ezek
23:37 ( +
לְאָכְלָה), Lev 18:21
(
H
), compare
Ezek
16:21 + בָּאֵשׁ
by fire
2Kgs
23:10 with accusative
alone devote
Ezek
20:26 with accusative +
בָּאֵשׁ alone,
devote by fire
Deut
18:10;
2Kgs 16:3;
2Kgs 17:7;
2Kgs 21:6 =
2Chr 33:6; Ezek
20:31 (on the practice
compare
NowArchaeology ii. 205
f.
BenzArchaeology 483
f. Toy
Ezek
16:20
; 20, 26
GFMJBL xvi (1897), 161
ff.).
2.
a.
cause to pass through, with
accusative + בְּ
Ezek
14:15;
Ezek 47:3;
Ezek
47:4 +
Ezek 47:4 (where
insert בְּ, compare Co
Berthol
Toy),
Num
31:23
(twice in
verse) (
P
); with accusative + בְּתוֺךְ
Ps
136:14 with accusative of person alone
Ps
78:13, + אֶלֿ
Ezek
46:21, + עַדאֲֿשֶׁר
Neh 2:7
with accusative of (sound of) שׁוֺפָר
Lev
25:9 (
H
), + בְּ Lev
25:9 (
P
); with accusative קוֺל =
proclamation, + בְּ
Exod
36:6 (
P
),
2Chr 30:5; 2Chr
36:22 =
Ezra 1:1;
Ezra
10:7 ( + לִ person), Neh
8:15.
b.
let pass through, with accusative
+ בְּ person
Deut 2:30.
3.
a.
cause to pass by, with accusative +
עַלֿ, Ezek
37:2 (+
סָבִיב סָבִיב), +
עַלפְּֿנֵי
Exod
33:19 (
J
), + לִפְנֵי
1Sam
16:8;
1Sam 16:10 and (
לִפְנֵי omitted) 1Sam
16:9.
b.
let pass by, with accusative
מוֺעֵד
Jer
46:17
he hath let the set time pass by
(in mocking appell. of Pharaoh).
c.
cause arrow to
pass beyond one 1Sam
20:36.
d.
cause to pass under rod,
for counting,
Ezek
20:37
(compare
Qal
5.g.).
4.
Cause to pass away, take away
, kingdom
(accusative) + מִן
person
2Sam
3:10, compare Esth
8:2, + מֵעַל
Jonah
3:6 (of putting off
garment); with accusative of sin
2Sam
12:13; 2Sam
24:20 =
1Chr
21:8;
Job
7:21, + מֵעַל
person
Zech
3:4;
Jer
11:15 (reading
יַעֲבִרוּ מֵעַל
Ew
Gf
Gie);
put away evil
things (accusative) from (
מִן), 1Kgs
15:12 compare ||
2Chr
15:8;
Zech
13:2; Eccl
11:10 with accusative
alone
Ps
119:39;
Esth
8:3 also
take me away
(suffix)
2Chr
35:23 (with
מִן) 2Chr
35:24
turn away
eyes (accusative) + מִן
Ps
119:37. — Gen
47:21 read
הֶעֱבִיד לַעֲבָדִים
⅏
ᵐ5
ᵑ9
Ol
Kn
Di
Kau
Holz; Jer
15:14 read
וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ
ᵐ5
ᵑ7
Manuscripts
Gie
;
2Sam
12:31 read
וְהֶעֱבִיד
HoffmZAW ii (1882), 53
f.
Gr
Klo
Bu
Kit
HPS, compare
Dr Löhr; 2Sam
19:41 (for
ויעברו
Kt
, הֶעֱבִרוּ
Qr
) read עֹבְרִים
ᵐ5
We
Bu Löhr HPS
, וַיַּעַבְרוּ
Kit (see
Qal
5.a.);
Ezek 48:14 read
Qal (so
Kt
; see
Qal
6.e.);
׳
מַעֲבִרִים
עַםיֿ
1Sam 2:24
not good is the
report which I hear
the
people of
׳
י
spreading
(compare 2
),
so
Ew
Th
We
Dr
Kit
Löhr
RVm
, but
order of words
difficult
; >
(ye) make
the people of
׳
י
transgress
ᵑ9
AV
RV
; text
dubious;
נוֺגֵשׂ מַעֲבִיר
Dan 11:20
one
causing an
exactor to pass
through
Ew and
others
RV
,
Bev
proposes ׳
נוֺגֵשׂ מ
an
exactor causing
to pass away
the
glory, etc.