BDB8959
מִשְׁפָּט422 noun masculine Gen 40:13 judgment; — absolute מִשְׁפָּט Exod 21:31 + 203 t., + לְשְִׁ֯פָּט Ezek 44:24 (but read Kt לִשְׁפֹּט with ᵐ5 ᵑ7 ᵑ6 Co and others); construct מִשְׁפַּט Exod 23:6 + 50 t.; suffix מִשְׁפָּטִי Isa 40:27 +; מִשְׁפָּטָם Jer 49:12 +; מִשְׁפָּטָן Num 27:5 plural מִשְׁפָּטִים Jer 4:12 + 34 t.; suffix מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ Deut 33:10 +, etc.; —
1.
judgment:
a.
act of deciding a case:
׳
מ be-longeth to God Deut 1:17, is from him Prov 16:33; Prov 29:26
׳
אֱלֹהֵי הַמּ
Mal 2:17
׳
חשֶׁן מ
Exod 28:15
the pouch of judgment, so Exod 28:29 Exod 28:30 (
P
); worn on heart of Aaron Exod 28:30 (
P
); צֶדֶק
׳
מ
Deut 16:18
׳
הֵבִין מ
Job 32:9
׳
שׁפט מ
1Kgs 3:28
׳
עשׂה מ
1Kgs 3:28
׳
דְּבַר (ה)מ
Deut 17:9;
2Chr 19:6
׳
רוח מ
Isa 28:6
במשׁפט
Lev 19:15
; Lev
19:35 (
H
) Deut
1:17; Prov 16:10; Prov 24:23
חאורים
׳
במ
Num 27:21
(
P
); למשׁפט
Num 35:12
; Josh 20:6
(
P
) Deut
17:8; Judg
4:5;
2Sam 15:2; 2Sam 15:6; 2Chr 19:8; Isa 34:5; Isa 41:1; Isa 54:17; Isa 59:11
; Hab 1:12
; Mal 3:5
; Ps 9:8;
Ps 35:23
; Ps
76:10;
Ps 122:5;
Job 9:19 (Ezek 44:24 see above).
b.
place, court, seat of judgment
Deut 25:1
; 1Kgs
7:7; Isa
28:6;
Eccl 3:16.
c.
process, procedure, litigation before judges: ׳
הֵבִיא במ
Job 14:3
; Eccl 11:9
; Eccl
12:14
׳
בא במ, with עם
Isa 3:14
;
Job 22:4, with את
Ps
143:2, with יחדו
Job 9:32
, ׳
חלד במ
Job
34:23, compare Ezek 34:16; Ps 112:5 plural דבּר משׁפטים,
with את
litigate with
Jer 1:16
;
Jer 4:12;
Jer 12:1;
Jer 39:5 = Jer 52:9, singular
מִשְׁפָּט in || 2Kgs 25:6, by error.
d.
case or cause presented for judgment: ׳
בעל מ
Isa
50:8
׳
ערךְ מ
Job 13:18; Job 23:4
׳
שׁמע מ
1Kgs 3:11
׳
שׁפט מ
Lam
3:59, compare Num 27:5 (
P
) 2Sam
15:4.
e.
sentence, decision of judgment: כן משׁפטךָ
1Kgs
20:40
thus is thy sentence; ׳
עת ומ
Eccl 8:5;
Eccl 8:6
time and sentence; ׳
על מ
Deut
17:11
according to the sentence; מָוֶת
׳
מ
Deut 19:6; Deut 21:22; Jer 26:11; Jer 26:16
דמים
׳
מ
Ezek 7:23
, compare
Hab 1:4 (twice in verse); Ps 7:7
; Ps
17:2; Ezek 23:45 plural only
Ezek
16:68
משׁפטֵי נאפות; Hos 6:5 read singular מִשְׁפָּטִי בָאוֺד
for מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ אוֺר after
ᵐ5
ᵑ6
ᵑ7
Ew
Hi
Che and most modern
f.
execution of judgment, in general, ׳
עשׂה מ, with בֵּין
Jer
7:5; Ezek
18:8, compare Deut 32:41; Zeph
3:8 with בְּ
against
Ps
119:84; Ps 149:9
ב omitted Ps 9:17; Ezek 39:21, בא אל
׳
מ
Jer
48:21, ׳
ברוח מ
Isa
4:4, מואב
׳
מ
Jer
48:47, compare Isa 53:8; Jer 51:9;
Hos
5:1; Hos
5:11; Hos
10:4;
Job 36:17
plural Isa
26:8; Isa
26:9; Ezek
5:8;
Zeph 3:15;
Ps 10:5
in favour of, עשׂה משׁפטִי
Mic
7:9; Ps
9:5
לעשׁוקים
׳
מ
Ps 146:7
והציל
׳
דין מ
Jer
21:12, compare Zech 7:9; Zech 8:16
plural Ps
48:12 = Ps
97:8; Ps 6
; Ps 5
; Ps 7
= 1Chr
16:12; 1Chr 16:14
.
g.
time of judgment, ׳
לִא יקומו במ
Ps 1:5 (late; probably judgment of the resurrection).
2. attribute of the שֹׁפֵט, justice, right, rectitude:
a. of God, ׳
אלהי מ
Isa 30:18
׳
הֲשֹׁפֵט כָּלהָֿאָרֶץ לֹא יַעֲשֶׂה מ
Gen 18:25 (
J
), compare
Job
40:8; Deut
32:4
; Ps 111:7
he loves it Ps
33:5;
Ps
37:28; Ps
99:4
׳
צדק ומ
Hos 2:21; Ps 89:15 =
Ps 97:2 will
not
pervert it Job 8:3
;
Job 34:12,
compare Job
37:23
כמשׁפטךָ
Ps
119:149
(|| חסדךָ); מִשְׁפָּֽטְךָ תְּהוֺם רָבָּה
Ps 36:7 (read
singular).
b. of man: ׳
אַשְׁרֵי שֹׁמְרֵי מ
Ps 106:8
(||
צדקה); the tongue of the wise speaketh ׳
מ
Ps 37:30 so
of
thoughts ׳
מ
Prov 12:5 put
on
׳
מ as robe Job 29:14, chosen Job 34:4
׳
עשׂה מ: God requires that man should do it Mic 6:8; Isa 1:17; Isa 56:1, compare Isa 61:8 it is the joy of the righteous Prov 21:15
rulers should know
it Mic 3:1,
compare
Prov 29:4
wicked
ruler ׳
שׂוֺנֵא מ
Job 34:17
abhors it Mic 3:9,
compare Prov
19:28
; Prov 21:7
; Prov 28:5.
3.
ordinance promulgated by שֹׁפֵט: 1Sam 8:9; 1Sam 8:11; 1Sam 10:25 (law of king);
Levitical ordinances
Lev 5:10;
Lev 9:16 +
13 t.
P
,
1Chr
15:13;
1Chr 24:19; 2Chr
4:7; 2Chr
4:20; 2Chr
8:14;
2Chr 35:13;
Neh 8:18
׳
חק ומ
Exod 15:25
;
Josh 24:25
(
E
)
1Sam
30:25, compare
Ps 81:5
׳
חקת מ
Num 27:11
;
Num 35:29
(
P
); divine law in general יהוה
׳
מ
Jer 8:7
׳
מ
אלהים
Isa 58:2;
Jer 5:4; Jer 5:5 (||
דֶּרֶךְ), compare Ps 25:9 || תורה
Isa 42:4;
Isa 51:4;
Ezra 7:10
compare Zeph 2:3
;
Ps 119:43
;
Ps 119:160 plural of particular ordinances Deut 33:10; Deut 33:21 (poem), Isa 58:2; Ezek 44:24
; Ps
19:10;
Ps 119:7
+
16 t., Ps
147:20.
4.
decision of the שֹׁפֵט in a case of law (see
BrHexateuch 252 sq.): singular of particular decision of a case Exod 21:31
(
E
); plural of series of decisions Exod 21:1; Exod 24:3 (
J
E
) Deut
7:12
(
D2
); in covt. code and
D
, collection of pentads in conditional or temporal compare, with כּי or אם
in
D
, and subject in combination, חקים ומשׁפטים
Deut 4:1. 5. 8.
14.
45 +; in code of
H
and after, in combination חקות ומשׁפטים, Lev 18:4; Lev 18:5; Lev 18:26; Lev 19:37
+; (the specific type of
these laws in
H
is אִישׁ כִּי, over against נפשׁ כי or אדם כי
in
code of
P
, see BrHexateuch 254 f.); other combinations,
redactional and later, Lev 26:46; Num 36:13; Deut 30:16; 2Kgs 17:37; 2Chr 33:8; Neh 9:13; Ps 18:23
; Ps 89:31
;
Ps 147:19
.
5. one's (legal) right, privilege, due:
הַכּהֲנִים
׳
מ
Deut 18:3
due of the priests, הַבְּכֹרָה
׳
מ
Deut 21:17
׳
מ
הַגְּאֻלָּה
Jer 32:7
right of redemption; הַיְרֻשָּׁה
׳
מ
Jer
32:8
׳
הִטָּה מ
Exod 23:6 (
E
) wrest right, so Deut 16:19; Deut 23:6; Deut 24:17; Deut 27:19; Deut 1:3;
, compare Prov 18:5
יְתוֺם
׳
מ
Deut 10:18
אביון
׳
מ
Exod 23:6 (
E
) Jer 5:28
; Ps
140:13
עניים
׳
מ
Isa 10:2; Job 36:6
׳
הסיר מ
Job 27:2; Job 34:5,
compare
Isa 40:27;
Isa 49:4.
6.
a.
proper, fitting, measure
1Kgs 5:8
fitness
Isa 28:26
;
Isa 40:14
(of fitness in the order of nature; compare Di).
b.
custom, manner:
הכהנים
׳
מ
1Sam 2:13
custom of the priests (rightful due, according to Th
We
Dr and most); מִשְׁפָּטוֺ
1Sam
27:11
his (David's) custom; ׳
מ
הגוים
2Kgs
17:33
manner of the nations, compare 2Kgs 17:26; 2Kgs 17:27
(Rssem. 1, 24, 2nd ed.
23); ׳
כמ
after the manner, custom, fashion (of) Gen 40:13; Exod 21:9 (
E
)
Judg
18:7; 1Kgs 18:28; 2Kgs 11:14; 2Kgs 17:34; 1Chr 6:17
;
Ezek 42:11; Ps
119:132.
c.
מה משׁפט
Judg
13:12
what manner of a boy, compare 2Kgs 1:7.
d.
plan . . . of the tabernacle Exod 26:30 (
P
); temple
1Kgs 6:38 palace Jer 30:18.