BDB4224
כָּשַׁל verb stumble, stagger, totter (Late Hebrew id.; Syriac [ [untranscribed source text 2671]] give offence (occasion for stumbling), σκανδαλιζω, (chiefly Ethpe`el Aph`el), see PS Brock Schw; Arabic [untranscribed source text 2672] is be heavy, sluggish); —
Qal
Perfect
׳
כ
Neh 4:4 +, (Hos 5:5b read
יִכָּשֵׁל, compare We), כָּֽשְׁלָה
Isa 3:8; Isa 59:14
כָּֽשְׁלוּ
Jer 46:6 +,
כָּשַׁלְנוּ
Isa 59:10,
etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine plural יכשׁ֑ולו
Prov 4:16
Kt
(but read Hiph`il, q. v., so
Qr
); יכשׁלו
Nah 3:3
Kt
(but read Perfect וְכָֽשְׁלוּ so
Qr
); Infinitive absolute
כָּשׁוֺל
Isa 40:30 (c.
Niph`al Imperfect); Participle
active
כּוֺשֵׁל
Isa 5:27 + 2 t.,
כּשֵׁל
2Chr 28:15
Paslm
2Chr 105:37
feminine plural כּשְׁלוֺת
Isa 35:3 —
1.
stumble at, over, something, with ב (literally by means of
), Nah 3:3
, ׳
גִּבּוֺר בְּגִבּוֺר כ
Jer 46:13
(+ נָפַל), compare Lev 26:37
׳
וּנְעָרִיס בָּעֵץ כ
Lam 5:13 i.e.
stagger (of toil in captivity); absolute Isa 5:27
ׅ || (עָיֵף, כָּֽשְׁלוּ וְנָפָ֑לוּ
Jer 46:6,
compare ׳
הִרְבָּה כּוֺשֵׁ֑ל גַּםנָֿפַל אישׁ וגו Jer 46:16 (strange; Gie
following in part
ᵐ5
ᵑ6
, עֶרְבְּךָ כָּשַׁל וְנָפַל
thy mixed people — compare Jer 25:20, etc. — hath stumbled and hath fallen
); often figurative of overthrow, throughdivine judgment, with בְּ
at, (see above) Jer 6:21, so Isa 8:15 (+ נָפַל etc.) according to Ges
Hi Bhul Che
Di; < בָּם = among them, —
Israel and Judah, — as ב in Isa 8:16, so Ew
De
Du EV; Hos 4:5 (twice in verse); Hos 5:5; Hos 14:2 (בַּעֲוֺנֶָֽךָ, בְּ
probably instrumental); absolute of Babylon, under figure of זָדוֺן, ונפל
׳
כ
Jer 50:32
ונפל
׳
כ Paslm Jer 27:2; Isa 3:8; Isa 31:3 (both || נפל); of אֱמֶת
Isa 59:14
in metaphor of anxiety, distress Isa 59:10, Paslm
Isa 107:12
.
2.
totter, of knees, literal מִצּוֺם
׳
בִּרְכַּי כ Paslm
Isa 109:24
my knees totter from fasting; figurative Isa 35:3 (|| יָדַיִם רָפוֺת)
כּוֺשֵׁל
tottering one, literal Job 4:4; 2Chr 28:15 Paslm
2Chr 105:37
hence figurative, fail, of strength (כֹּחַ) Neh 4:4 Paslm
Neh 31:11
— Infinitive absolute כָּשׁוֺל, see below Niph`al
Niph`al
Perfect consecutive וְנִכְשַׁל
Dan 11:9,
וְנִכְשְׁלוּ Dan 11:33, וְנִכְשָׁ֑לוּ Dan 11:14
Imperfect
יִכָּשֵׁל
Ezek 33:12
+ Hos 5:5
b (
ᵐ5
. as va, so We;
ᵑ0
כָּשַׁל), 2 masculine singular תִּכָּשֵׁל
Prov 4:12
, בִּכָּֽשְׁלוּ
Prov 24:17
(yet see Ges«GKC:51»§ 51, R. 1),
בְּהִכָּֽשְׁלָם
Dan 11:34
Participle
נִכְשָׁל
Zech 12:8
plural נִכְשָׁלִים
1Sam 2:4 —
1.
stumble (=
Qal)
Nah 2:6; Isa 63:13; Jer 31:9 usually
figurative:
a. of misfortune Prov 24:17 (|| נפל
), negative Prov 4:12.
b. of divine judgement (with
בְּ
at) Prov 4:19; Prov 24:16, negative Ezek 33:12 see
also Hos
14:10 (בְ location), Jer 20:11; Dan
11:14; Dan 11:35, יִכָּֽשְׁלוּ וְיאֹבְדוּ מִפָּנֶיךָ
Ps 9:4
especially = be overthrown, of nations, armies, etc., Hos 5:5 (with
בַּעֲוֺנָם, compare Hos 14:2
Qal), Jer 6:15 || נפל, compare Jer 8:12 (||
id.), Dan 11:19 ( + נפל),
Dan 11:33 (בְ instrumental), Dan 11:34
Dan 11:41.
2.
be tottering, feeble, כָּשׁוֺל יִכָּשֵׁ֑לוּ
Isa
40:30 (opposed to יַחֲלִיפוּ כֹחַ v
Isa
40:31); so participle 1Sam 2:4;
Zech 12:8.
Pi`el only apparent, תְּכַשְּׁלִי
Ezek
36:14, read תְּשַׁכְּלִי with
Qr
Vrss
EV Sm
Co
Da (see also
Hiph`il
near the end).
Hiph`il
Perfect
הִכְשִׁיל
Lam 1:14
הִכְשַׁלְתֶּם
Mal 2:8
Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יַכְשִׁילְךָ
2Chr
25:8 2 feminine singular
תַּכְשִׁלִי
Ezek 36:15 (but strike out
ᵐ5
Co; read תשׁכלי, as v
Ezek 36:14 other
Vrss
Sm
Da); 3 masculine plural
יַכְשִׁילוּ
Prov
4:16
Qr
(
Kt
see below
Qal), וַיַּכְשִׁילֻהוּ Paslm
Prov 64:9, וַיַּכְשִׁלוּם
Jer 18:15 (so
ᵑ7
; Gie, after
ᵐ5
.
ᵑ6
, וַיִּכְשְׁלוּ, [< וַיִּכָּֽשִׁלוּ
]); Infinitive construct
הַכְשִׁיל
2Chr 25:8, sf הַכְשִׁילוֺ
2Chr
28:23 —
1.
cause to stumble, figurative:
a. =
bring injury or ruin to,
abs
Prov 4:16 of punishment Ps 64:9
(indefinite subject; si vera
lectio; text probably corrupt, see Che
Bae).
b. =
overthrow, of nation, army, etc., 2Chr 25:8
(followed by לִפְנֵי
אוֺיֵב) compare 2Chr 25:8
(opposed to עזר); cause overthrow
2Chr 28:23. — On Ezek 36:15 see above
c.
morally, Jer 18:15 (
בְּ local), Mal 2:8 (
בְּ instrumental).
2.
make feeble, weak, הִכְשִׁיל כֹּחִי
Lam 1:14 (of God's dealing with
Jerusalem)
Hoph`al only Participle
והיו מֻכְשָׁלִים לְפָנֶיךָ
Jer 18:23 either
and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee
, i.e. regard them as such (Hi
Gf
VB
), or and let them be ones overthrown before
thee (Gie; so
Qr
according to Gf).
So also in Ezek
21:20
according to Co, compare
Sm
Da (
ᵑ0
מִכְשֹׁלִים, see
מִכְשׁוֺל
).