BDB4216
כָּרַת291 verb cut off, cut down (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian karâtu , II. hew off DlHWB 357); —
Qal
Perfect
׳
כ
Gen 15:18 + 19
t.; 2 masculine singular כָּרָ֑תָּ
Deut 20:20 1
singular כָּרַתִּי
Exod 34:27 + 15
t.; + 8 t. Perfect; Imperfect
יִכְרֹת
Job 40:28 + 21
t.; 2 masculine singular תִּכְרָתֿ
Isa 57:8 1
singular אֶכְרוֺת
Isa 61:8; 1Sam 11:2
אֶכְרְתָה
Isa 55:3 3
masculine plural יִכְרֹ֑תוּ
Hos 12:2; Ps 83:6 1 plural
נִכְרְתָה
Gen 26:28; Gen 31:44 suffix
נִכְרְתֶנּוּ
Jer 11:19 + 31
t. Imperfect Imperative
כְּרָתֿ
1Sam 11:1
כָּרְתָה
2Sam 3:12 + 4 t.
Imperative; Infinitive absolute
כָּרֹת
Hos 10:4
כָּרוֺת
Neh 9:8
construct
כְּרֹת
Jer 34:8 + 2 t.;
כְּרָתֿ
Isa 44:14 + 2
t.; כְּרוֺת
2Chr 2:7; 2Chr 29:10
suffix כָּרְתִי
1Sam 24:12
Participle
active
כֹּרֵת
Exod 34:10 + 3
t.; + 3 t. Participle active passive
כָּרוּת
Lev 22:24
construct כְּרוּת
Deut 23:2 plural
ת[וֺ]כְּרֻת
1Kgs 7:12 + 3 t.;
—
1.
cut off:
a.
things: with accusative foreskin Exod 4:25 (
J
); privy member Lev 22:24 (
H
) Deut
23:2
cluster of grapes Num 13:23; Num 13:24 (
E
); bough of tree Judg 9:48; Judg 9:49 skirt 1Sam 24:5; 1Sam 24:6; 1Sam 24:12 head of man 1Sam 17:51
; 1Sam 31:9
; 1Sam 2:22
garments 2Sam 10:4 =
1Chr 19:4
palms of hands 1Sam
5:4
sprigs
Isa
18:5.
b.
persons, with accusative of person מִן
location
Jer 11:19
;
Jer 50:16
.
2.
cut down, with accusative tress Deut 19:5; Deut 20:19; Deut 20:20; 2Kgs 19:23 = Isa 37:24; Isa 44:14;
Jer 6:6; Jer 10:3; Jer 22:7; Jer 46:23;
Ezek 31:12
asherim
Exod 34:13
(
J
) Judg 6:25
; Judg 6:26
; Judg 6:30
; 1Kgs
15:13 = 2Chr 15:16; 2Kgs 18:4; 2Kgs 23:14
3.
hew, timber 1Kgs 5:20 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 2:7; 2Chr 2:15; Isa 14:8
כֹּרְתֵי הָעֵצִים
hewers of timber
2Chr 2:9
כְּרֻת(וֺ)ת
hewn beams
1Kgs 6:36;
1Kgs 7:2; 1Kgs 7:12
4.
בְּרִית
׳
כ
cut, or make a covenant (because of the cutting up and distribution of the flesh of the
victim for eating in the sacrifice of the covenants, see
בְּרִית
); ׳
הָעֵגֶל אֲשֶׁר כ
the calf which they cut
Jer 34:18
(referring to Gen
15:10); עֲלֵיזֶֿבַח
Ps 50:5
absolute
Gen 21:27;
Gen 21:32;
Gen 31:44 (
E
) 1Sam 18:3
; 1Kgs 5:26
; Hos 10:4
with
אֶת
with
Gen 15:18;
Exod 34:27;
Deut 31:16
(
J
) Deut 5:3
;
Deut 28:69
(twice in verse);
Deut 29:13;
2Sam 3:12;
2Sam 3:13;
2Sam 3:21; 2Kgs 17:15; 2Kgs 17:35; 2Kgs 17:38; Isa 28:15; Jer 11:10; Jer 31:31; Jer 31:32;
Jer 31:33;
Jer 34:8; Jer 34:13;
Ezek 17:13
; Zech
11:10;
Ps 105:9 = 1Chr 16:16
with עִם
Gen 26:28 (
J
) Exod 24:8
(
E
) Deut 4:23
; Deut 5:2;
Deut 9:9; Deut 29:11;
Deut 29:24;
1Kgs 8:21 =
2Chr 6:11;
2Chr 23:3;
Neh 9:8; Hos 2:20; Hos 12:2; Job 40:28
׳
בְּ omitted 1Sam 20:16; 1Sam 22:8; 1Kgs 8:9 = 2Chr 5:10 with לְ
Exod 23:32;
Exod 34:12;
Exod 34:15;
Josh 9:6; Josh 9:7; Josh 9:11; Josh 9:15; Josh 9:16; Josh 24:25 (
J
E
) Deut 7:2
;
Judg 2:2; 1Sam 11:1; 2Sam 5:3; 1Kgs 20:34
;
2Kgs 11:4;
1Chr 11:3;
2Chr 21:7;
2Chr 29:10
;
Ezra 10:3;
Isa 55:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 32:40;
Ezek 34:25
;
Ezek 37:26
;
Job 31:1; Ps 89:4
׳
בְּ omitted 1Sam 11:2; 2Chr 7:18
נֶגֶד
Exod 34:10
(
J
); לִפְנֵי
1Sam 23:18;
2Kgs 23:3 =
2Chr 34:31
;
Jer 34:15;
Jer 34:18
בֵּין וּבֵין
2Kgs 11:17
;
2Chr 23:16
with עַל
against, Ps 83:6
אֲמָנָה is used for ברית
Neh 10:1 and
דָּבָר
Hag 2:5.
Note. — וַתִּכְרָתלָֿךְ מֵהֶם
Isa 57:8 is
usually rendered as
RV
made for thee a covenant with them, with ellipsis of ׳
בּ as above. But מִן is not used in such a construction. The clause is
commonly
regarded as corrupt by recent critics. Gr emends עִמָּהֶם
for מֵהֶם, this is easiest and gives the usual construction; Du
followed by Buhl, reads וַתִּכְרִי after
Hos 3:2.
Niph`al
Perfect 3 masculine singular נִכְרַת
Joel 1:5 + 5
t.;
נִכְרָ֑ת
Joel 1:16
+ 2
t.; 3 feminine singular נִכְרְתָה
Gen 17:14
+
16 t.; נִכְרָ֑תָה
Ps 37:38
2
masculine singular נִכְרַתָּ
Obad 1:10
+ 8
t. Perfect; Imperfect
יִכָרֵת
Gen 9:11 +
21
t.; יִכָּֽרֶתֿ
Obad 1:9 3
masculine plural יִכָּֽרְתוּ
Zech 13:8
יִכָּרֵת֑וּן
Josh 3:13;
Ps 37:9 + 9
t.
Imperfect; Infinitive
הִכָּרֵת
Num 15:31
;
Ps 37:34
. —
1.
be cut off:
a. of things, forward tongue Prov 10:31 burden from a
nail
Isa
22:25
chariots
Zech 9:10 dwelling Zeph 3:7.
b.
of persons, the people of the land by a famine (בְּ) Gen 41:36
(
E
); all flesh by waters of deluge (מִמֵּי) Gen 9:11 (
P
); the anointed Dan 9:26 enemies Isa 11:13; Mic 5:8 the wicked Isa 29:20; Hos 8:4;
Nah 2:1;
Ps 37:9
; Ps
37:22
; Ps
37:28
;
Ps
37:34;
Ps 37:38; Prov 2:22 others Obad 1:9; Obad 1:10; Zeph 1:11
;
Zech 13:8; Zech 14:2.
c. in the technical phrases of
H
and
P
וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ ההיא
that person shall be cut off (by death penalty) מֵעַמֶּיהָ
Gen 17:14
; Lev
7:20
; Lev
7:21
; Lev
7:25
; Lev
7:27
; Num
9:13
; Lev
19:8
מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל
Exod
12:15
;
Num
19:13
מֵעֲדַת
יִשְׂרָאֵל
Exod
12:19
מִקֶּרֶב עַמֶּיהָ
Exod
31:14
;
Num
15:30 (עַמָּהּ); מִלְּפָנַי
Lev 22:3
מִתּוֺךְ הַקָּהָל
Num 19:20
similarly with variation of subject Exod 30:33; Exod 30:38; Lev 17:4; Lev 17:9; Lev 18:29
;
Lev 20:18
; Lev
23:29
, and with omission of word with מִן
Lev 17:14
;
Lev
20:17;
Num 15:31 (twice in verse).
2.
be cut down, a tree Job 14:7.
3.
be chewed between the teeth Num 11:33 (
J
).
4.
be cut off, in a more general sense, fail: of waters Josh 3:13
;
Josh 3:16
(
J
E
) Josh
4:7
(twice in verse) (
D
); new wine
Joel 1:5 meat Joel 1:16 hope Prov 23:18; Prov
24:14 a name Isa 48:19
; Isa
56:5
; Ruth
4:10
a sign
Isa 55:13 faithfulness Jer 7:28
אִישׁ
׳
לֹא יִכָּרֵת לְ
there shall not fail thee a man
1Kgs 2:4;
1Kgs 8:25
= 2Chr 6:16
; 1Kgs
9:5
=
2Chr
7:18;
Jer 33:17; Jer 33:18; Jer 35:19
לא יכרת מן
there shall not fail of
Josh 9:23
(
J
)
2Sam
3:29.
Pual
Perfect
כָּרַּת
Ezek 16:4
3 feminine singular כֹּרָ֑תָה
Judg 6:28
—
1.
be cut off, navel string Ezek 16:4.
2.
be cut down, Asherah Judg 6:28.
Hiph`il
Perfect
הִכְרִית
1Sam 28:9
;
1Kgs 11:16 3 feminine singular הִכְרִיתָה
Lev
26:22
1 singular הִכְרַתִּי
Josh 23:4
+ 32 t.; + 4 t. Perfect; Imperfect
יַכְרִית
Deut
12:29 + 2 t.; jussive יַכְרֵת
Ps 12:4
+ 4 t.; 1 singular וָאַכְרִ֫תָה
2Sam 7:9
1 plural suffix וְנַכְרִיתֶנָּה
Jer 48:2
+ 9 t. Imperfect; Infinitive
הַכְרִית
Jer 44:8
+ 15 t.; הַכְרִת
1Sam
20:15 + suffix 2 t. —
1.
cut off, flattering lips Ps 12:4.
2.
cut off, destroy the life of:
a. animals with accusative,
cattle
Lev
26:22 (
H
); with accusative and מִן frogs Exod 8:5 (
J
); horses
Mic 5:9;
Zech 9:10.
b. of men
abs.
Ps
109:13, by men, with accusative enemies Judg 4:24; 1Sam 24:22;
1Kgs
11:16; 1Kgs 14:14; 1Kgs 18:4; 2Chr 22:7; Isa
10:7
;
Ezek 17:17; Obad 1:14 with accusative and מִן
enemies Josh 11:21; Jer 48:2 the wicked Ps 101:8 a
clan
Num 4:18
(
P
); young men by death Jer 9:20 people by the sword Nah 3:15
necromancers
1Sam 28:9
the name
Josh 7:9.
c. of men, by God with
accucusative.
(הַ)גּוֺיִם
Deut
19:1
;
Josh 23:4 (
D
)
Zeph 3:6 various persons and things Isa 48:9; Jer 44:11;
Jer
51:62; Ezek 25:16; Ezek 30:15; Zech 9:6
with accusative and
מִן
Ezek
25:7;
Amos 1:5;
Amos 1:8;
Amos 2:3
מֵאֶרֶץ
Nah
2:14
;
Ps 34:17 = Ps 109:15
מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל
Isa
9:13
מִיַּד
Mic
5:11
מִפָּנֶיךָ
Deut
12:29;
2Sam 7:9 = 1Chr 17:8
מֵעַל פְּנֵי
הָאֲדָמָה
1Sam
20:15;
1Kgs 9:7;
Zeph 1:3
מִקֶּרֶב עַמּוֺ
Lev
17:10;
Lev 20:3;
Lev 20:5;
Lev 20:6 (
H
); מִתּוֺךְ עַמִּי
Ezek
14:8 Ezekiel says also מִן
׳
הכ
אָ֗֗֗דָם וּבְהֵמָה
Ezek 14:13; Ezek 14:17; Ezek 14:19;
Ezek 14:21; Ezek
25:13;
Ezek 29:8
צדיק ורשׁע
Ezek
21:8;
Ezek 21:9
עבר ושׁב
Ezek
35:7 with accusative and לְ
cutt off, to, or from
Isa
14:22; Jer
44:7;
Jer
44:8;
Jer
47:4
מַשְׁתִּין בְּקִיר
׳
לְ
׳
כ
1Kgs 14:10; 1Kgs 21:21; 2Kgs 9:8
מעם מזבח
׳
ל
׳
כ
1Sam
2:33
לָאִישׁ מֵאָֽהֳלֵי יַעֲקֹב
׳
יַכְרֵת י
Mal
2:12
may Yahweh cut off to the man — from the tents of Jacob.
3.
cut down, destroy, cities Mic 5:10, sun-pillars Lev 26:30 (
H
); and other things used in idolartry Nah 1:14; Zeph 1:4
מן הארץ
Zech
13:2
מִקֶּרֶב
Mic
5:12
.
4.
take away, חֶסֶד מֵעִם
kindness from
1Sam
20:15.
5.
permit to perish, מֵהַבְּהֵמָה (some) of the cattle
1Kgs
18:5.
Hoph`al
Perfect
׳
הָכְרַת מִנְחָה וָנֶסֶךְ מִבֵּית י
Joel
1:9
.