BDB125
אָדוֺן
noun masculine
Mal 3:1
lord (Phoenician אדן) — ׳
א
Ps 12:5 + construct
אֲדוֺן
Josh 3:11 +; plural
אֲדֹנִים
Isa 26:13 +;
construct אֲדֹנֵי
Deut 10:17 +;
suffix אֲדֹנֵינוּ
1Sam 25:14 +
etc.; (אֲדֹנִי, אֲדֹנַי, אֲדֹנָי are variations of Masoretic
pointing to distinguish divine reference from human. Plural, with few except an intensive plural of rank; word takes
suffix as plural in all other person; so doubtless here. Orig. reading probably in all cases אֲדֹנַי
(see DalmDer Gottesname Adonaj; LagBN 188 makes
אֲדֹנָי an Aramaic formative); אֲדֹנִי now found in
J
51 t.; in
E
Gen 31:35; Gen 32:19; Gen 42:10; Exod 21:5 in
P
Gen 23:6; Gen 23:11; Gen 23:15; Num 36:2 (twice in
verse); often Samuel & Kings; in Chronicles only in sources, 1Chr 21:3 (3 t. in verse); 1Chr 21:23 (= 2Sam 24:3; 2Sam 24:22) 2Chr 2:13; 2Chr 2:14 Isaiah
& Jeremiah only in historical parts Isa 36:8; Isa 36:9; Isa 36:12; Jer 37:20; Jer 38:9 elsewhere Dan 1:10; Dan 10:16; Dan 10:17; Dan 10:19; Dan 12:8; Zech 1:9; Zech 4:4; Zech 4:5; Zech 4:13; Zech 6:4; Ps 110:1; Judg 4:18; Judg 6:13; Ruth 2:13
בִּי אֲדנָי
Exod 4:10; Exod 4:13; Josh 7:8 (
J
) Judg 6:15
; Judg 13:8
is referred to God, but בִּי אֲדנִי
Gen 43:20; Gen 44:18; Num 12:11 (
J
) 1Sam 1:26
; 1Sam 25:24
; 1Kgs 3:17
; 1Kgs 3:26
reference to human superiors. There is uncertainty as to אֲדֹנָ֯י
Gen 18:3; Gen 19:18
אֲדֹ֯נַי
Gen 19:2) —
1. singular lord, master
(1) reference to men:
(a)
superintendent of household, or of affairs Gen 45:8; Gen 45:9 (
E
) = Ps
105:21
(b) master Ps 12:5
(c) king Jer 22:18; Jer 34:5
(2) reference to
God, הָאָדוֺן יהוה
the Lord Yahweh (see
יהוה
)
Exod 23:17
; Exod
34:23
(Cov't codes); אֲרוֺן כָּלהָֿאָרֶץ
Lord of the whole earth
Josh 3:11;
Josh 3:13 (
J
) Ps
97:5;
Zech 4:14
; Zech 6:5;
Mic 4:13
צֻבָאוֺת
׳
י
׳
הָא, earlier Isa 1:24; Isa 3:1; Isa 10:33; Isa 19:4 (אֲדֹנָי
Isa 10:16
in
common MT; not Massora, doubtless scribal error); ׳
הָא
Mal 3:1
אָדוֺן
Ps 114:7
.
2. plural lords, kings
Deut 10:17
=
Ps 136:3
;
Isa
26:13
elsewhere intensive plural of rank, lord, master,
(1) reference to men:
(a
) proprietor of hill Samaria 1Kgs 16:24
(b)
master
Gen 40:7 (
E
) Exod
21:4
(twice in verse);
Exod 21:6;
Exod
21:8;
Exod
21:32 (Cov't code) Gen 24:9 + (
J
, 11 t.)
Deut 23:16; Judg 19:11; Judg 19:12 + 13 t. Samuel & Kings; Job 3:19; Ps 123:2; Prov 25:13
;
Prov 27:18; Prov 30:10; Isa 24:2; Amos 4:1; Zeph 1:9; Mal 1:6 (twice in verse);
(c
) husband
Judg 19:26
;
Judg 19:27
;
Ps 45:12
(
d) prophet
2Kgs 2:3;
2Kgs 2:5;
2Kgs 2:16
(
e) governor
Neh 3:5
(
f
) prince
Gen 42:10
; Gen
42:30;
Gen 42:33 (
E
) Gen
44:8
(
J
)
1Sam 29:10
(g) king
Gen 40:1 (
E
) Judg
3:25
+ 40 t. Samuel & Kings; Chronicles only in sources 1Chr 12:19 compare 1Sam 29:4; 2Chr 13:6;
2Chr 18:16
=
1Kgs 22:17;
Isa 19:4;
Isa 22:18; Isa 36:12; Isa 37:4; Isa 37:6; Jer 27:4 (2) reference to
God Mal 1:6
אֲדֹנֵי הָאֲדֹנִים
Lord of lords
Deut 10:17
=
Ps 136:3
אֲדֹנֵינוּ
Ps 135:5
; Ps
147:5; Neh
8:10
אֲדֹנֵינוּ
׳
י
Ps 8:2; Ps 8:10;
Neh 10:30
׳
אֲדֹנַיִח י
Isa 51:22
(probably = thy husband, Yahweh); אֲדֹנָיו
Hos 12:15
(possibly error for אֲדֹנָי).
3. suffix 1 singular
(אֲדֹנַי) אֲדֹנִי
(1) reference to men: my lord, my master,
(a) master
Exod 21:5
(Cov't
code)
Gen
24:12
+, Gen
44:5
(
J
, 20 t.)
1Sam 30:13; 1Sam 30:15; 2Kgs 5:3; 2Kgs 5:20; 2Kgs 5:22; 2Kgs
6:15
(b) husband
Gen
18:12
(
J
);
(c) prophet
1Kgs
18:7
;
1Kgs 18:13
;
2Kgs
2:19
;
2Kgs
4:16
;
2Kgs
4:28
;
2Kgs 6:5
;
2Kgs 8:5
(d) prince
Gen
42:10
(
E
),
Gen
23:6
; Gen
23:11
;
Gen
23:15
(
P
),
Gen
43:20
;
Gen
44:18
+,
Gen
47:18
, + (
J
, 12 t.);
Judg
4:18
(e) king
1Sam
22:12
+
(Samuel & Kings 75 t.);
(f) father
Gen
31:35
(
E
);
(g) Moses
Exod
32:22
;
Num
11:28
;
Num
12:11
;
Num
32:26
;
Num
32:27
(
J
);
Num
36:2
(twice in verse) (
P
);
(h) priest
1Sam 1:15
;
1Sam 1:26
(twice
in
verse);
(i) theophanic angel
Josh 5:14
;
Judg 6:13
(j) captain
2Sam 11:11
(k) general recognition of superiority Gen 24:18; Gen 32:5
+
Gen 33:8 +;
Gen 44:7
+ (
J
, 13 t.),
Ruth
2:13;
1Sam
25:24 + (15 t.);
(2) reference to God:
אֲדֹנָי
a.
my Lord
Gen 20:4
(?
E
)
Exod
15:17 (Samaritan יהוה) elsewhere in Hexateuch,
J
; Gen
18:3
(?); Gen
18:27;
Gen 18:30;
Gen 18:31;
Gen 18:32;
Gen
19:2;
Gen
19:18(?)
Exod
4:10;
Exod
4:13
;
Exod 5:22
;
Exod 34:9
;
Num
14:17
; Josh
7:8
also
Judg
6:15;
Judg 13:8 not Samuel; 1Kgs 22:6; 2Kgs 19:23 not Chron. except
memorials
Ezra
10:3
(reference to Ezra) Neh 1:11; Neh 4:8 Wisdom Literature only Job 28:28 (doubtless
scribal error for
יהוֺה of many
MSS
.); not Hosea; Isa 37:24; Isa 38:14; Isa 38:16 (historical
part); exile Isa 49:14
(compare
Isa
51:22);
Mic 1:2
;
Ps 16:2 +
(47
t., chiefly this sense, except below b.; compare אֱלֹהַי וַאדֹנָי
my Lord and my God
Ps
35:23
(writers that use אֱלֹהִים seldom use אֲדֹנָי);
b.
Adonay
proper name
of God, parallel with Yahweh, substitution for it often by
scribal
error, & eventually supplanting it. In earlier Isa 3:17 + (19 t. seeming to belong here), Amos 7:7
;
Amos 7:8
;
Amos 9:1
;
Ezek
18:25
;
Ezek 18:29; Ezek 33:17; Ezek 33:20; Ezek 21:14 (probably
׳
אֲדֹנָי י as in usual phrase); Zech 9:4; Mal 1:12; Mal 1:14; Lam 1:14
+ (14 t.)
Ps 2:4;
Ps
37:13
; Ps
78:65
;
Ps
90:17 (? יהוה) Ps 110:5 (Dalman puts most of these below (
a
); — many cases are doubtful); 1Kgs 3:10; 1Kgs 3:15 (Masoretic אדני for
יהוה
compare Dalm
2Kgs 7:6
Dalm rightly questions; he reads יהוה).
The
phrases אֲדֹנָי אֱלֹהַי
Ps
38:16
;
Ps
86:12, Adonay my God; אֲדֹנָי הָאֱלֹהִים
Dan 9:3
,
אֱלֹהֵינוּ
׳
א
Dan 9:9
;
Dan 9:15
,
הָאֵל
׳
א
Dan 9:4
favour
taking ׳
א
Dan 1:2
;
Dan 9:7
;
Dan 9:8
(
יהוה ?) Dan 9:16 Dan 9:17 Dan 9:19 Dan 9:19 Dan 9:19
as the divine name.
4.
אֲדֹנָי יהוה
(a) my Lord Yahweh (see
יהוה
) Gen
15:2
;
Gen 15:8
(
J
E
)
Josh 7:7
(
J
,
ᵐ5
omit ׳
י)
Deut
3:24;
Deut
9:26
;
Judg 6:22
;
Judg
16:28
;
2Sam 7:1
(6
t.)
1Kgs
2:26
;
1Kgs
8:53
probably
Amos 3:7
;
Amos 3:8
;
Amos 7:2
;
Amos 7:4
;
Amos 7:5
;
Amos 9:8
;
Jer 1:6
;
Jer 4:10;
Jer
14:13
;
Jer
32:17
;
Jer
32:25
;
Ezek
4:14
;
Ezek 8:1
;
Ezek 9:6
;
Ezek 11:13
;
Ezek 20:49
;
Ezek
37:3
(
׳
יָדַע כִּי אֲני א
׳
י)
Ezek 13:9; Ezek 23:49; Ezek 24:24; Ezek 28:24; Ezek
29:16 inappropriate in mouth of God;
strike
out אֲדֹנָי (Co) or read אֱלֹהֵיכֶם
׳
י (Dalm); Mic 1:2; Zeph 1:7; Obad 1:1
;
Zech 9:14;
Ps 71:5; Ps 71:16
; Ps
73:28
(b)
apparently proper name
Adonay Yahweh
Isa 25:8
;
Jer
44:26
exile
Isa
40:10
+
(10 t., but
Isa
61:1
;
Isa
61:11
read יהוה,
ᵐ5
);
(c) uncertain whether (a) or (
b
)
in
prophetic formula אָמַר
׳
י
׳
א
Isa 7:7
;
Isa 28:16
;
Isa
30:15
;
Isa
49:22
;
Isa 51:4
;
Isa
65:13
;
Jer 7:20
;
Amos 1:8
;
Amos
3:11
;
Amos 5:3
;
Amos 7:6
;
Obad 1:1
Ezekiel
(131
t.); ׳
י
׳
נְאֻם א
Isa 56:8
;
Jer 2:22
;
Amos
3:13
;
Amos 4:5
;
Amos 8:3
;
Amos 8:9
;
Amos
8:11
Ezekiel
(80 t.); ׳
י
׳
דְּבַראֿ
Ezek 6:3
;
Ezek
25:3
;
Ezek
36:4
׳
י
׳
נִשְׁבַּע א
Amos 4:2
;
Amos 6:8
׳
י
׳
כֹּה הִרְאַנִי א
Amos 7:1
;
Amos 7:4
;
Amos 8:1
.
5.
יהוה אֲדֹנָי
Yahweh my Lord
Ps 68:21
;
Ps
109:21
;
Ps 140:8
;
Ps 141:8
;
Hab 3:9.
6.
אֲדֹנָי יהוה צְבָאוֺת
(a) my Lord Yahweh Saba'oth
. (see צבאות) Ps 69:7; Amos 9:5
;
Isa 10:23; Isa 22:5;
Isa
22:12
;
Isa
28:22 compare ׳
אֱלֹהֵי הַצְבָאוֺת א
׳
י, Yahweh, the God of Hosts my Lord
Amos
5:16
(b) a divine name, Adonay, Yahweh
Saba'oth
.
Jer
46:10
(twice in verse);
Jer 50:25 (c) uncertain are ׳
צ
׳
י
׳
כֹּה אָמַר א
Isa
10:24
;
Isa
22:14
;
Isa
22:15
׳
נְאֻם א
׳
צ
׳
י
Isa 3:15
;
Jer 2:19
;
Jer 49:5
;
Jer
50:31
.
