BDB9138
תַּחַת noun [masculine] the under part (Arabic [untranscribed source text 5807] id.), hence as adverb accusative and preposition underneath, below, instead of (so Arabic [untranscribed source text 5808], Sabean תחת, Ethiopic [untranscribed source text 5809] Phoenician תחת (Lzb385); Biblical Aramaic ᵑ7 , תְּחוֺת, Palmyrene in מן לתחת Tariff Gen 1:4 (Cooke320), Syriac [untranscribed source text 5810] ); —
I. as adverb
accusative
Gen 49:25 (=
Deut 33:13) the
deep רֹבֶצֶת תָּ֑חַת that coucheth beneath; more usually with מִן
, מִתָּחַת literally off (מִן
1.c.) the under part = beneath, Exod 20:4 (= Deut 5:8) בָּאָרֶץ
מִתָּ֑חַת (so Deut 4:39; Josh 2:1l 1Kgs 8:23 [both
D2
], Isa
51:6), Deut
33:27; Judg 7:8
; Amos 2:9;
Isa 14:9; Job 18:16; Ezek 47:1b
II. as
preposition; so construct, and with suffix (usually in the plural, and so literally in
the parts underneath) תַּחְתַּי
Hab 3:16+,
חַתֵּנִי (compare בַּעֲדֵנִי, עוֺדֶנִּי: Ges«GKC:103d»§ 103d) 2Sam 22:37; 2Sam 22:40
;
2Sam 22:48 (Ps 18:37; Ps 18:40; Ps 18:48
תַּחְתָּ֑י); תַּחְתֶּיךָ; תַּחְתָּיו (
Kt
תַּחְתּוֺ
2Sam 2:23
; 2Sam 3:12
; 2Sam
16:8;
Job 9:13), תֵּחְתֶּיהָ
Lev 13:23
+ 16 t., תַּחְתֶּ֫נָּה (compare אֵינֶנָּה, עוֺדֶנָּה
) Gen
2:21
תַּחְתֵּינוּ
1Sam 14:9;
Ps 47:4
תַּחְתֵּיהֶם
Josh 2:14;
Amos 2:13
תַּחְתֵּיהֶם
Num 16:31
;
1Kgs 20:24;
1Chr 4:41;
1Chr 5:22; 2Chr 12:10 (for תַּחְתָּם
1Kgs 14:27
), תַּחְתָּם
Deut 2:12 +
10 t., תַּחְתֵּקהֶן
Jer 28:13
—
1.
under, beneath, Gen 7:19
הַשָּׁמַיִם תַּחַת כָּלֿ
under the whole heaven (so Deut 2:25; Deut 4:19; Job 28:24; Job 37:3
;
Job 41:3;
Dan 9:12),
Dan 18:4
הָעֵץ
׳
ת,
Dan
21:15;
Dan 24:2
+ often;
Job 30:14
שׁוֺאָה
׳
תּ
under the crash they roll themselves against me; הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ
׳
ת
Eccl 1:3
;
Eccl 1:9; Eccl 1:13 + often Ecclesiastes (so in Phoenician, Cooke4. 7; 5. 12). With לְ
2Chr 4:3
תַּחַת לוֺ, Song 2:6 = Song 8:3
לְראֹשִׁי
׳
ת. Idiomatic
a.
תַּחַת הָהָר
at the foot of the mountain, Exod 24:4; Deut 4:11, so Deut 3:17
׳
אַשְׁדֹּת הַפִּסְגָּה ת
Josh 11:3
; Josh
11:17 +; figurative Ps 18:37
תַּחְתָּ֑י תַּרְחִיד אְעָדַי thou broadenest mysteps under me
, Job 36:15
רַחַב לאֹ מוּצָק תַּחְתֶּיךָ (so read for תחתיה, Di
Bu) breadth unstraitened is beneath thee.
b.
׳
הַלָּשׁוֺן ת, of something held there as a dainty morsel, and ready, when needed,
to be brought out, figurative of sweetness Song 4:11, of evil Ps 10:7
׳
לְשֹׁנוֺ עָמָל וָאָוֶן ת, Job 20:12 (so שְׁפָתֵימוֺ
׳
ת
Ps
140:4), of praise Ps 66:17
לְשֹׁנוֺ
׳
וְרוֺמַם ת (synonym בִּגְרוֺנָם
Ps
149:6).
c.
׳
תַּחַת פ: (a) of subjection, Ps 18:40
תַּחְתָּ֑י תַּכְּ רִיעַ קָמַי, Ps 18:48 (compare Ps 47:4; Ps
144:2), Ps 45:6; Job 9:13. (b) of a woman,
אִישָׁתּ
׳
ת, i.e. under his authority, Num 5:19; Num 5:20; Num 5:29, so Ezek
23:5
תַּחְתַּי being under me = being mine
(figurative of Israel as ׳
י's spouse), compare ὕπανδρος
Rom 7:2
, and
[untranscribed source text 5811] Qor 66:10. (c) of being burdened or oppressed under, Isa 24:5
the earth יָֽשְׁבֶיהָ
׳
הָֽנְפָה ת, Prov 30:21
שָׁלוֺשׁ רָגְזָה אֶרֶץ
׳
ת, Prov 30:22 Prov 30:23; Hab 3:7
אָיֶן
׳
ת i.e. (si vera 1.) suffering under calamity.
d.
׳
יַד פ
׳
ת, of authority or control, Gen 41:35
יַד פַּרְעֹה
׳
וְיִצְבְּרוּ בָר ת; Judg 3:30 (compare Ps 106:42), 1Sam 21:4
;
1Sam 21:5 (strike out אֶל; dittograph חֹל), v.1Sam 21:9
; Isa
3:6.
e.
׳
רַגְלֵי פ
׳
ת, of subjection or conquest, Ps 8:7
רַגְלָיו כֹּל
׳
שַׁתָּה ת, Ps 18:39; Ps 47:4; Lam 3:34, compare
Mal 3:31
.
2.
what is under one, the place in which one stands: hence as
accusative,
a. with reflexive pronoun, idiomatic, in one's place,
where one stands, Exod 16:29
תַּחְתָּיו שְׁבוּ אִישׁ abide every one in his place, Lev
13:23; Lev 13:28; Josh 5:8; Josh 6:5; Josh 6:20; Judg 7:21; 1Sam 14:9
וְעָמַדְנוּ תַחְתֵּינוּ we will remain where we are, 2Sam
2:23
וַיָּמָת תַּחְתָּו he died where he was (compare Jer 38:9
[read וּמֵת]), Jer 7:10; Isa 25:10; Isa 46:7; Amos
2:13;
Hab 3:16
וְתַחְתַּי אֶרְגָּ֑ז I tremble where I stand, Zech
12:6; Zech 14:10; Job 36:20; Job 40:12
תַּחְתָּם
b. in transferred sense, in place of, instead of: (a)
Gen 2:18
;
Gen 4:25
הֶבֶל
׳
ת
instead of Abel, Gen 22:13
בְּנוֺ
׳
ת, Gen 30:2
אלהיס אנכי
׳
הֲת (compare Gen 50:19), Gen 44:33; 2Sam 19:1 + often; Job 16:4
;
Isa 3:24; Isa 55:13; Isa 61:3; Isa 61:7 of one succeeding to the
place of another, תַּחְתָּיו וַיִּמְחֹ
Gen
36:33-49 1Kgs 8:20; 1Kgs 11:43; 1Kgs 14:20 + often,
Deut 2:12
;
Deut 2:21
וַיֵָּֽשְׁבוּ תַחְתָּם, Lev 16:32; 1Kgs 2:35 +; Ps
45:17
in place of thy fathers (whom thou mayest therefore forget) will be thy
children. compare in Ph CISi.3.9 (Cooke30). Sq. infinitive Isa 60:15
הֱיוֺתֵח
׳
ת
instead of thy being . . . Peculiarly Job 34:26 (si vera lectio)=
as if they were, like; but text very dubious;
Bi
Bu
תָּחֵת חֲמָתוֺ רְשָׁעִ֑ים his wrath breaketh in pieces the wicked. (b)
in particular, of things mutually interchanged, in place of, in exchange
or return for:
Gen
30:15
דּוּדָאֵי בְנֵח
׳
ת
in return, for thy son's love-apples, Exod 21:23) גֶפְשׁ
life for life, Exod 21:24 Exod 21:25 Exod 21:26 Exod
21:27 Exod 21:36 v.
Exod
22:37,
Josh 2:14
נַפְשֵׁנוּ תַחְתֵּיכֶם
לָמוּת, 1Sam 2:20; 1Kgs 20:39
נפשׁו
׳
נפשׁך ת, 1Kgs 20:42 (compare 2Kgs 10:24), 2Kgs 21:2; Isa 43:3
;
Isa 43:4 often with verbs of requiting, Gen 44:4
טוֺבָם
׳
לָ֫מּה שִׁלַּמְתֶּם רָעָה ת why have ye rewarded evil in exchange for
good ? 1Sam 25:21; 2Sam 16:12; 2Sam 19:22; Ps
35:12
טוֺבָה
׳
יְשַׁלְּמוּנִי דָעָה ת, Ps 38:21a; Ps 109:4; Ps
109:5; Prov 17:3 +; Jer 5:19
תַּחַת מֶה
in return for what? (compare עַלמֶֿה
Jer 22:8
;
Deut 29:23; 1Kgs 9:8). So followed by infinitive Ps
38:21b.
3. as conjunction:
a.
תַּחַת אֲשֶׁר: (a) instead of that (German.
anstatt dass), Deut 28:62
הֱיִיתֶם
׳
א
׳
ת
instead of that ye were…, instead of your being., Ezek
36:34. (b)
in return for (the fact) that, because that (
ᵐ5
ἀνθ’ ὧν
Amos 1:3
+ often),
Num 25:13
׳
אֲשֶׁר קִנָּא לא
׳
ת, Deut 21:14; Deut 22:29; Deut 28:47; 1Sam 26:21; 2Kgs
22:17 = 2Chr 34:25; Isa 53:12; Jer 29:19; Jer 50:7; 2Chr
21:12.
b.
תַּחַת כִּי
Deut 4:37
(but ? read : וֶַתּחִי as end of Deut 4:36), Prov 1:29. compare
עֵקֶב אֲשֶׁר (כִּיׅ.
III.
compounds: —
1.
אֶלתַּֿחַת, after a verb of motion:
a. (in
) under, Judg 6:19
וַיּוֺצֵא אֶלֿ
הָאֵלָה
׳
ת, 1Kgs 8:6 (|| 2Chr 5:7), Jer 3:6;
Jer 38:11 (on 1Sam 21:5
see II. 1 d); after
קָרָא
Zech
3:10: so ׳
לְ
׳
אֶלתֿ
Ezek
10:2.
b.
into the place of, Lev 14:42.
2.
מִתַּחַת (= ὑπ’ ἐκ):
a. alone, from
under, from beneath as מִתַּחַת הַשָּׁמַיִם
Gen 1:7,
and especially after such verbs as שִׁחֵת
Gen 6:17
, מָחֶה
Exod
17:14;
Deut 9:14; Deut 25:19; Deut 29:19; 2Kgs
14:27, הֶאֲבִיד
Deut 7:24
, compare
Lam 3:66; Ezek 47:1 a
מִפְּתַּן
׳
מִתּ
הַבַּיִת, Prov 22:27
לָ֫מָּה יִקַח מִשְׁכָּֽבְּךָ מִּתַּחְתֶּיךָ; Exod 6:6;
Exod 6:7
סִבְלוֺת מִצְרַיִם
׳
מִתּ, Hos 4:12
אֱלֹהֵיהֶם
׳
וַיִּזְנוּ מִתּ (compare II. 1 c
a, b); ׳
יַד פ
׳
מִתּ (compare II. 1 d) from under the hand
(power)
of … Exod 18:10; 2Kgs 8:20
;
2Kgs 8:22; 2Kgs
13:5; 2Kgs 17:7 +; מִתַּחְתָּיו (compare
II. 2 a)
from his place
Exod
10:23; Zech 6:12. Rarely = תַּחַת or
׳
מִתַּחַת לְ, Gen 1:9 (
P
)
Ezek 1:8; Ezek 42:9; Ezek 46:23
; Job 26:5
.
b.
׳
מִתַּחַת לְ (opposed to ׳
מִמַּעַל לְ) under, beneath:
Gen 1:17
׳
הַמַּיִם אֲשֶׁר מִתּ
לָרָקִיעַ, Exod 20:4
הַמַּיִם מִתַּחַת לָאָרֶץ (so Deut 4:18;
Deut 5:8), Judg 3:16
לְמַדָּיו
׳
מִתּ, Jer 38:12 +; of locality, Gen 35:8
לְבֵיתְאֵל
׳
מִתּ, 1Sam 7:11; 1Kgs 4:12.
c.
׳
לְמִתַּחַת לְ ( compare מִן
9.b.), id quod
׳
מִתַּחַת לְ
1Kgs 7:32
.