BDB4396
לֶ֫חֶם296 noun masculine 1Sam 9:7 and (rarely) feminine Gen 49:20 (see below, and Dr 1Sam 10:4 ) bread, food (Phoenician לחם bread; Late Hebrew לֶחֶם; Aramaic לַחְמָא, [untranscribed source text 2810], as Hebrew; Arabic [untranscribed source text 2811] flesh, meat, (compare Frä30)); — absolute ׳ ל Gen 3:19 +; לָ֑חֶם Gen 31:54 +; לֶ֑חֶם Ps 14:4 + 2 t.; construct לֶחֶם Hos 9:4 +; suffix לַחְמִי Job 3:24 +, לַחְמְךָ Obad 1:7 +, לַחְמָם Hos 9:4b, + Hos 9:4a (for ᵑ0 לָהֶם), We GASm Now, + etc.; —
1.
a.
bread, the ordinary food of early Hebrews (BenzArchaeology
84 ff
NowArchaeology i. 109 ff.) Exod 21:14 (
E
), Num 21:5
; Josh 9:5;
Josh 9:12 (
J
E
), Deut 8:3
; Deut 23:5
; Exod 16:3
(
P
) +; ׳
כִּכַּרלֿ
loaf of bread
1Sam 2:36 +
(see
כִּכָּר
below כרר), and without ככר (always with number) 1Sam 10:4; 1Sam 16:20
(see Dr), 1Sam 17:7; 1Sam 21:4; 1Sam 25:18; 2Sam 16:1; 1Kgs 14:3; 2Kgs 4:42; ׳
חַלַת ל
cake of bread
2Sam 6:19;
Exod 29:23
+ (see
חַלָּה
below I.
חלל); made from barley (שְׂעֹרִים); Judg 7:13; 2Kgs 4:42 (see also לָחֶם
above); from wheat-flour (סֹלֶת חִטִים) Exod 29:2 (
P
); compare the mixture Ezek 4:9 made by baking (אפה) Isa 44:15; Isa 44:19; Lev 26:26 (
H
; compare
Jer 37:21); ׳
פַּתלֿ
a bit of bread
1Sam 2:36; 1Kgs 17:11
; Prov 28:21
, compare
Ezek 13:19, as modest term for a hospitable meal Gen 18:5 (
J
), Judg 19:5
; 1Sam
28:22; distinguished from meat (flesh), Gen 27:17 (
J
) 1Sam
25:11;
1Kgs 17:6 (twice in verse); Exod 16:8; Exod 16:12 (also Exod 16:3 above), Exod 29:32; Exod 29:34; Lev 8:31 (all
P
), Lev
23:18 (
H
),
1Chr 12:40; Ps 78:20; Dan 10:3 = a meal 1Sam 20:27, ׳
אָכַל ל = take a meal
Gen 31:54
(twice in verse);
Gen 37:25;
Gen 43:25;
Gen 43:32 +; אכל לַחְמִי
Ps 41:10
eat my bread, establishing an obligation, compare Obad 1:7 (read ׳
אֹכְלֵי ל according to MartiKau AT;
strike out ׳
ל
ᵐ5
Hi
We, compare
VB
) ׳
עשׂה ל = make a feast
Eccl 10:19
׳
מַטֵּה ל
staff of bread (as support of life), only late Ezek 4:16;
Ezek 5:16;
Ezek 14:13
; Lev 26:26
(
H
),
Ps 105:16 cf .׳
מִשְׁעַן ל
Isa 3:1 (gloss);
leavened bread is חָמֵץ
׳
ל
Lev 7:13
unleavened bread is מַצּוֺת
׳
ל
Exod 29:2 (both
P
); (הַ)פָּנִים
׳
ל
bread of the face (of ׳
י; i.e. in his presence, Di
Lev 24:9
Dr
1Sam 21:7
); in the sanctuary 1Sam 21:7; 1Kgs 7:48 = 2Chr 4:19; Exod 25:30; Exod 35:13; Exod 39:36, without ׳
פ
Exod 40:23
(all
P
); = הַתָּמִיד
׳
ל
Num 4:7 (
P
), קֹדֶשׁ
׳
ל
1Sam 21:5 in
Chronicles הַמַּעֲרָ֑כֶת
׳
ל
1Chr 9:32
compare 1Chr
23:29; Neh
10:34, ׳
ל
׳
מ
2Chr 13:11
opposed to חֹל
׳
ל
1Sam 21:5;
תְּנוּפִה
׳
ל
Lev 23:17
wave-loaf; (הַ)בִּכֻּרִים
׳
ל
Lev 23:20;
2Kgs 4:42
bread of first-fruits.
b. = bread-corn, the material from which bread is made, i.e. wheat,
barley, etc.: Gen
41:54;
Gen 41:55 (
E
), Gen
47:13;
Gen 47:15;
Gen 47:17 (twice in verse); Gen 47:19 (
J
), Gen
49:20 (poem in
J
), Isa
28:28; Isa
30:23; Isa
55:10; Jer
5:17;
Ezek 48:18;
Job 28:5;
Prov 28:3; Ps 104:14
הָאָרֶץ
׳
ל
Num 15:19 (
P
), ׳
ארץ ל
2Kgs 18:32
= Isa
36:17.
2.
food in general:
a. of man, Judg 13:16 (kid, Judg 13:15) 1Sam 14:24 (twice in verse);
1Sam 14:28
(honey), 1Sam
28:20;
1Sam 30:12; Prov 22:9; Prov 27:27 (twice in verse) (goat's milk) +; ׳
לְכָלבָּֿשָׂר נֹתֵן ל
Ps 136:25
.
b.
of animals, Prov 6:8; Prov 30:25;
Prov 65:25
; Job 24:5
+ Ps 147:9
c. of God (in sacrifices): אֱלֹהֵיהֶם
׳
ל (compare RSSemitic i. 207, 2nd ed., 224)
Lev 21:6 compare
Lev 21:8 Lev 21:17 v
Lev 21:21 v
Lev 21:22,
Lev 22:25
(all
H
), compare
Num 28:2 (
P
),
Ezek 16:19; Ezek 44:7, and מְגֹאָל
׳
ל
Mal 1:7, also (
׳
לי) אִשֶּׁה
׳
ל
Lev 3:11; Lev 3:16; Num 28:24
(all
P
).
3. other phrases and figurative uses are:
a.
רֶשַׁע
׳
ל
Prov 4:17
(accusative of cognate meaning with verb with לָחַם), probably = food gained by
wickedness
ׅ || (יִיִן חֲמָסִים, compare שָׁ֑קֶר
׳
ל
Prov 20:17
,
כְּזָבִים
׳
ל
Prov 23:3
עַצְלוּת
׳
ל
Prov 31:27
=
bread of idleness, i.e. unearned; חֻקִּי
׳
ל
Prov 30:8
(opposed to riches and poverty, see
חֹק
); לַחַץ
׳
ל
1Kgs 22:27
=
2Chr 18:26
,
vid לַחַץ below; הָעֲצָבִים
׳
ל
Ps 127:2
see
II. עֶצָב; אוֺנִים
׳
ל
Hos 9:4, vid
אָוֶן. p.20 a; אֲנָשִׁים
׳
ל
Ezek 24:17
;
Ezek 24:22
of
food offered to mourners, compare Jer 16:7 (where insert ׳
ל
ᵐ5
Gf
Gie); שַׁלַּח לחמך עלפֿני המים
Eccl 11:1
usual
interpration of benevolent giving (compare Now); De and others of sea-commerce in bread-stuffs, compare Prov 31:14.
b. figurative לַחְמֵנוּ הֵם
Num 14:9 (
J
E
) our food are they, i.e. we will devour, destroy, them (compare Deut 7:16);
׳
דִּמְעָתִּי ל
Ps 42:4 compare
Ps 80:6 (see
אכל
above); ׳
ל of evil deeds of wicked Job 20:14
עֵץ בְּלַחְמוֺ
Jer 11:19
apparentlyfig.of destroying the prophet and his house, but read probably בְּלֵחוֺ
in its freshness (i.e. untimely), so Hi
Gf
Che
Gie (see
לֵחַ
below לחח above).