BDB3945
I.
כֵּן
adjective
right, veritable, honest (
properly firm, upright
; Syriac
[untranscribed source text 2475]
recte
PS1662) — absolute
כֵּן
Exod 10:29 +
(on possibly construct see
2 near the end); plural
כֵּנִים
Gen 42:11;
Gen 42:19;
Gen 42:31;
Gen 42:33;
Gen 42:34 —
1.
right, usually indecl., often as
substantive
a right thing
, especially
with vbb. dicendi
Exod 10:29
(
J
) כֵּן דִּבַּרְתָּ, Num 27:7
כֵּן דֹּבְרֹת, Num 36:5 (both
P
); כֵּן יַאֲרִיךְ
Prov 28:2
(the) right (i.e. order and justice) shall last long (see De
Now
VB
); = adverb aright, of pronunciation Judg 12:6 also with verb agendi
Eccl 8:10 (on
Isa 33:23
see III.
כֵּן
below כנן); right well
Ps 65:10 (
Che; al. = so); with לֹא, as
adjective, not right
דְּבָרִים
אֲשֶׁר לֹאכֵֿן
2Kgs 17:9
things which were not right (verb agendi); of heart of a fool Prov 15:7;
Jer 23:10
as substantive = what is not right, upright
Jer 8:6 with verb
agendi
לֹאכֵֿן
2Kgs 7:9
that which is not right we are doing, Jer 48:30 b.
2.
veritable, true, כֵּןצְֿדָקָה
Prov 11:19
the veritable of righteousness = true righteousness; Isa 16:6 = Jer 48:30 a
may be either their boastings are not true or (Thes
Che
Di
Du
Gr
Gie and others) the untruth of their boastings (
לֹאכֵֿן as compound construct); absolute, in assent to something already said,
Right! Correct! True!
Josh 2:4.
3. plural concrete honest (men) Gen 42:11; Gen 42:19; Gen 42:31; Gen 42:33; Gen 42:34
(all
E
).
—
II.
כֵּן
thus, so, see below;
III.
כֵּן
place, base, see below כנן;
IV. [כֵּן], כִּנִּם
, כִּנָּם, see below כנן.
BDB3996
כִּי עַל כֵּן
forasmuch as, a peculiar phrase found Gen 18:5; Gen 19:8; Gen 33:10; Gen 38:26; Num 10:31; Num 14:43; Judg 6:22; 2Sam 18:20
Qr
(rightly), Jer 29:28; Jer 38:4 — literally for therefore, emphasizing the ground
pleonastically (Ew§ 353 a ). The original force of the phrase is
traceable in some of the passages in which it occurs, as Gen 18:5 let me fetch a morsel of bread, and comfort your heart;
כִּיעַֿלכֵּֿן עֲבַרְתֶּם
עַל עַבְדְּכֶם
for therefore (that is, to partake of such hospitality) are ye come to your servant, Num 14:43 the
Amalekite and the Canaanite are there, and ye will fall by the sword, כִּיעַֿלכֵּֿן שַׁבְתֶּם
for therefore (to encounter such a fate) have ye turned back from ׳
י etc.: but in process of time the distinct sense of its component parts was no doubt gradually
obscured, and it thus came to be used conventionally, as a mere particle of causation, even
where there was no preceding statement to which עַל כֵּן
therefore could be explicitly referred. אֲשֶׁר עַל כֵּן appears to be used
similarly (compare אֲשֶׁר
8.c.) Job 34:27.
BDB4076
I. כֵּן
adverb
so (PH. Late Hebrew
ᵑ7
id.; Syriac
[untranscribed source text 2554] is then, Arabic
[untranscribed source text 2555],
[untranscribed source text 2556], but: probably from the demonstrative √ ka, found
in כִּי etc., Köii. 1, 254); (הִיא
) כֶּןהֿוּא
Gen 44:10 + 4
t.: — so (i.e. usually, as has been described or commanded, with reference to what has
preceded), mostly of manner, but sometimes also of quantity, quality, or degree:
1.
a.
Judg 5:31
כן יאבדו
so perish thy enemies, Job 5:27
הִיאכֶּןֿ, Job 8:13
כן ארחות כל שׁכחי אל, Prov 6:29; Prov 8:13; 2Sam 16:23; Isa 36:6; Isa 47:15
כן היו לך, Num 13:33
וכן היינו בעיניהם; Num 9:16
כָן יהיה תמיד
Exod 10:14
(twice in verse) לא היה כן ארבה
׳
כמהו וג (i. e. in such numbers), 1Kgs 10:12
כן עצי אלמגים לא בא, 1Kgs 10:20; 2Chr 1:12 (twice in verse), Judg 21:14
להם כןולא מצאו and they did not suffice for them so (namely in such
numbers
of them as there were); 1Kgs 6:26
וכן הכרוב השׁני, Ezek 41:7
׳
וכן ל
Exod 27:11;
1Kgs 10:29
;
Ezek 40:16
;
2Chr 35:12
,
compare 1Chr
23:30
׳
כן ל
Exod 25:33
(compare Exod
26:24
), Josh
21:40
.
b. the force of כֵּן has sometimes to be elicited from the context :
1Kgs 2:7
כי כן קרבו אלי (that is, with kindness such as that enjoined in va), 1Kgs 20:40
כן משׁפטך, Jer 14:10
לנועכן אהבו (i.e. not less than ׳
י has withdrawn from them Jer 14:9, Gf
Ke; Gie proposes אָכֵן
), Ps 61:9
שִׁמְךָכֵּן אֲזַמְּרָה (Hi
כְּצִדְקְךָ, implied in Jer 14:6-8), Ps 63:3
חֲזִיתִךָכֵּן בַּקֹּדֶשׁ (that is, with the longings of Ps 63:2), Ps 63:5
אֲבָרֶכְךָ בְחַיָּיכֵּן (that is כְּרֹב חַסְדְּךָ Ps 63:4), Ps 65:10
כִּי כֵן תְּכִינֶהָ (i.e. so generously, Ps 65:10), Ps 90:12
לִמְנוֺת יָמֵינוּ כֵּן הוֺדַע (Hi
׳
כְּיִרְאַת י Ps 90:11), Ps 127:2
כֵּן יִתֵּן לִידִידוֺ שֵׁנָא (that is, as abundantly; but Che
אָכֵן), Prov 24:14 (see Prov 24:13), Isa 52:14
כֵּן מִשְׁחַת מֵאִישׁ מַרְאֵהוּ (sufficiently to justify שׁממו עליך רבים).
c.
כן occurs frequently in particular phrases, as (a) with הָיָה
, especially ויהי כן and it was so
Gen 1:7; Gen 1:9; Gen 1:11 +, 2Kgs 2:10 if
thou
seest me taken from thee יהילֿך כן let it be to thee so (that is, as
thou
desirest), 2Kgs
7:20
, with עשׂה (especially וַיַּעַשׂ, וַיַּעֲשׂוּ) Gen 29:28;
Gen 42:20;
Gen 45:21 +
often, Judg 7:16
וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּמִמֶּנִּי תִּרְאוּ, + ׳
ל
Gen 42:25
ויעשׂ להם כן, Exod 22:29; Exod 23:11
׳
כן תעשׂה ל, Deut 22:3; 2Sam 12:31; 1Kgs 11:8 (compare 1Kgs 6:33; 1Kgs 7:18); Gen 29:26
לא יֵעָשֶׂה כן במקומנו, Gen 34:7; 2Sam 13:12 rarer usages, דִּבֶּר כֵּן
Exod 6:9,
אמר
כן
1Kgs 22:8,
כֵּן אמרתם
Ezek 11:5;
Ezek 33:10
,
׳
אָמֵן כֵּן יאֹמַר י
1Kgs 1:36
(compare Jer 28:6
), וגם שׁאול אבי יֹדֵעַ כֵּן
1Sam 23:17
אָהֵב כֵּן (idiomatic) to love (it) so, Jer 5:31; Amos 4:5 (b) Gen 50:3
ימלאו ימי החנֻטים כי כן (compare Judg 14:10; 2Sam 13:18; Esth 2:12); (c) alone,
אִם כֵּן
if it be so
Gen 25:22;
Gen 43:11
כִּיכֵֿןוַיִּרְאוּ
1Sam 5:7,
יָדַעְתִּי כִּיכֵֿן
Job 9:2 (
d
) לא כן not so (namely as has been described or implied),
with a
substantive Num 12:7
לא כן עבדי משׁה, 2Sam 20:21; 2Sam 23:5; Ps 1:4; Job 9:35b כילֿאכֿן אנכי עמדי not so
am I
with myself (i.e. I am not conscious of being one who would fear him, va), with a verb Deut 18:14
ואתה
׳
לא כן נתן לך י (not so, — namely as implied in va), 2Sam 18:14
;
Isa 10:7
לא כן יְדַמֶּה, לא כן יחשׁב, absolute Gen 48:18
לא כן אבי, Exod 10:11.
2. Often, to emphasize the agreement, in answer to כְּ, and כַּאֲשֶׁר
: namely
a.
כְּ ֗֗֗ כֵּן, (a) Gen 44:10 = Josh 2:21
כדבריכם כֶּןהֿוּא according to your words, so be it, 1Sam 25:25
כי כשׁמו כֶּןהֿוּא, Ps 48:11; Prov 23:7
כֶּןהֿוּא (after conjunction כְּמוֺ), Ezek 42:11
כְּאָרְכָּן כֵּן רָחְבָּן; (b) Lev 27:12
כְּעֶרְכְּךָ כֵּן יִהְיֶה, 2Sam 13:35; Num 8:4; Num 9:14; Num 15:20; Deut 8:20; Judg 11:10, so after כְּפִי
Num 6:21 (
c) כְּכֹל ֗֗֗ כֵּן ֗֗֗
1Sam 8:8; 2Sam 7:17;
Jer 42:5 (
d) in similes, (a) 2Sam 14:17
כן
׳
אדני המלךכמלאך הא, Jer 18:6; Ps 123:2; Ps 127:4; Prov 10:26; Prov 26:8; Prov 26:19; Prov 27:8;
Prov 27:19
; Song 2:2;
Song 2:3 (β
) Joel 2:4
כְּפָרָשִׁים כֵּן יְרוּצוּן, Isa 31:5; Isa 38:14; Ps 103:15; Prov 26:1; Prov 26:2 (γ) Ps 42:2
כאיל תערג ֗֗֗ כן
׳
נפשׁי וג like the hind which etc., Ps 83:16; Isa 61:11; Isa 63:14; Job 7:3, so after כמו
Isa 26:17
(
δ) Jer
2:26
גַּנָּב ֗֗֗ כֵּן הוֺבִישׁוּכְּבשֶׁת, Jer 6:7; Jer 34:5 (read כְּמשׂרפות), Ezek 22:22 (compare Ezek 22:20
),
Ezek 23:44
;
Ezek 34:12
compare (of degree) Ezek 35:15 (omitted by
ᵐ5
Co), Hos 4:7
כְּרֻבָּם כֵּן חָָֽטְאוּ לִי. Of time (un-common) 1Sam 9:13
כְּבֹאֲכֶם הָעִיר כֵּן תִּמְצְאוּן אֹתוֺ.
b.
Ezra 10:12
כן כדבריך עלינו לעשׂות.
c.
֗֗֗ כֵּן ֗֗֗ כַּאֲשֶׁר, (a) Exod 7:6
כן עשׂו
׳
כאשׁר צוה י, Exod 12:28; Exod 12:50; Exod 39:43 (compare Exod 27:8), Num 8:22 (compare Num 5:4), Num 17:26; Num 36:10; Josh 14:5 (all
P
); Gen
41:13
כאשׁר פתר כן היה, Josh 10:1; Josh 10:39; Josh 11:15; Judg 1:7; Judg 15:11b Ps 48:9 (b) (frequently)
Num 2:17
כֵּן יִסָּ֑עוּכאשׁר יַחֲנוּ, Exod 1:12 (of degree = the more . . . the more)
כַּאֲשֶׁר יְעַנּוּ אֹתוֺ כֵּן יִרְבֶּה וְכֵן יִפְרֹץ; (c) Gen 6:22
אשׁר צוה אתו אלהים כן עשׂהככל, Exod 39:32; Exod 39:42; Exod 40:16; Num 1:54; Num 2:34; Num 8:20; Num 9:5 (all
P
), compare
Exod
25:9 (וְכֵן), simil. 2Sam 9:11; 2Kgs 16:11, compare Josh 1:17; Jer 42:20 (d)
Exod 27:8
הֶרְאָה אתך כן יעשׂוכאשׁר, 2Sam 16:19; 1Kgs 2:38; Isa 20:4; Isa 52:14f.; with the same verb repeated Lev 24:19;
Lev 24:20;
Deut 28:63
כאשׁר שׂשׂ ֗֗֗ כן ישׂישׂ, Josh 23:15; 1Sam 15:33; 1Sam 26:24; 1Kgs 1:37; Isa 10:11; Jer 5:19; Jer 31:28;
Jer 32:42;
Jer 42:18;
Ezek 12:11
; Ezek
20:36;
Zech 7:13; Prov 24:29; Num 14:28
אעשׂהאם לא כאשׁר דברתם כן, Isa 14:24, so after הלא
Isa 10:11,
after asseverative כי
2Sam 3:9; 1Kgs 1:30 so
֗֗֗ כֵּן
׳
כָּלעֻֿמַּת שֶׁ
Eccl 5:15 (
e)
Judg 7:17b כאשׁר אעשׂה כן תעשׂון, Lev 27:14; Num 15:14, compare Jer 39:12 (f)
in similes,
Deut 12:22;
Deut 22:26;
Amos 3:12;
Isa 65:8; Jer 13:11.
d.
כן כאשׁר ֗֗֗ , (a) Exod 7:10
׳
ויעשׂו כן כאשׁר צוה י, Exod 7:20; Josh 4:8; 2Sam 5:25; Ezek 12:7, compare Gen 50:12; Num 8:3 iron. Amos 5:14
אתּכם כאשׁר
׳
אמרתם יהי כן י, Exod 10:10 (b) Gen 18:5
כן תעשׂה כאשׁר דברת, Neh 5:12. — Occasionally in poetry כאשׁר is not expressed :
Isa 54:9 (
De), Isa 55:9; Jer 3:20; Job 7:9; Hos 11:2
קראו להם כן הלכו מפניהם (of degree: so = in the same proportion), Ps 48:6
המה ראו כן תמהו (i.e. in the same measure that they saw); Jer 33:22 (according to many, but
dubious; read
probably כאשׁר
Gie) it is represented by אשׁר (so Isa 54:9
Hi
Ew
Di): Judg 5:15
כ is not expressed. — Nah 1:12 is probably corrupt; Zech 11:11 for כן עניי read
כְּנַעֲנֵי. — כֹּה, כָּכָה, כָּזֹאת are
synonyms,
but differ considerably in usage.
3. With prepositions: —
a.
אַחַרכֵּֿן, אַחֲרֵיכֵֿן, מֵאַחֲרֵיכֵֿן, literally
after so, i.e. afterwards: see
אַחַר
.
b.
בְּכֵן (late), literally in such circumstances, i.e.
thereupon,
then,
Eccl 8:10;
Esth 4:16 (
ᵑ7
בְּכֵין often for אָז; e.g. Exod 15:1 SyrJerusalem
[untranscribed source text 2557] = τότε).
c.
כֵּןכְּמוֺֿ
Isa 51:6,
according to some, like so, i.e. (
Vrss
Rabb) in like manner, or (De)
like this (accompanied by a contemptuous gesture) = like a mere nothing: but see IV.
כֵּן
.
d.
לָכֵן200
according to such conditions, that being so, therefore
Num 16:11;
1Sam 27:6; Ps 16:9; Ps 73:6; Ps 73:10
especially in prophets, where it often introduces, after statement of the grounds, a divine declaration or
command:
Judg 10:13;
2Kgs 1:6; Amos 4:12;
Isa 5:13; Isa 5:14; Isa 5:24; Isa 7:14; Isa 10:16;
Isa 16:7; Isa 27:9; Jer 6:15; Jer 8:10 etc.;
׳
לכן כה אמר י
2Kgs 21:12
;
Isa 10:24;
Isa 28:16;
Isa 29:22;
Isa 30:12;
Isa 37:33;
Jer 5:14; Jer 6:21 +
often;
followed by נאם האדון
Isa 1:24
׳
נאם י
1Sam 2:30; Jer 2:9
׳
לכן הנה ימים באים נאם י
Jer 7:32; Jer 16:14;
Jer 19:6 +;
׳
לכן חי אני נאם י
Ezek 5:11;
Ezek 35:6;
Ezek 35:11
;
Zeph 2:9
הנני ֗֗֗ לכן
1Kgs 14:10
;
Hos 2:8; Hos 2:16; Isa 29:14;
Jer 16:21;
Ezek 16:37
;
Ezek 22:19
b
Ezek 25:4;
Ezek 25:7;
Ezek 25:9 +;
לכן אֱמֹר
Exod 6:6; Num 25:12
(both
P
),
Ezek
11:16;
Ezek 11:17;
Ezek 14:6; Ezek 20:30; Ezek 33:25; Ezek 36:22
לָכֵן דַּבֵּר
Ezek 14:4;
Ezek 20:27
לָכֵן הִנָּכֵא
Ezek 11:4;
Ezek 36:3;
Ezek 36:6;
Ezek 37:12
;
Ezek 38:14
.
. . . לָכֵן שִׁמְעוּ
Isa 28:14;
Isa 51:21;
Jer 6:18; Jer 44:26
+. In
answer to יען, Num 20:12 (
P
),
1Kgs
14:10;
2Kgs
1:16;
2Kgs 21:12; 2Kgs 22:20; Isa 29:14; Isa 30:13; Jer 19:6 +, Ezek 5:8; Ezek 13:23 +; so, once, וְלָכֵן
Isa 8:7 to
כי
Isa 28:16;
Jer 35:17
על
Jer 9:14
אם
Jer 23:38;
Jer 42:15.
Special usages: — (a) idiomatic, in conversation, in reply to an objection, to state the
ground
upon which the answer is made; Gen 4:15
therefore — this being so — whoso killeth Cain, etc., Gen 30:15; Judg 8:7; Judg 11:8; 1Sam 28:2; 1Kgs 22:19; Job 20:2 (
ᵐ5
in Genesis Kings Job, not perceiving the idiom, renders οὐχοὕτως (as though לאכֿן
): so also strangely, elsewhere, as 1Sam 3:14; 2Kgs 1:4; 2Kgs 1:6; 2Kgs 21:12). (b) inferring the cause
from the effect, or
developing what is logically involved in a statement, Isa 26:14b (compare De
)
therefore thou hast visited and destroyed them (not a consequence of va 'the dead
rise
not,' but the development of what is implicit in it), Isa 61:7; Jer 2:33; Jer 5:2 (because namely אין אמונה
Jer 5:1), Job 34:25;
Job 42:3. —
Zech 11:7
read
לִכְנַעֲנֵי הַצּאֹן.
e.
עַדכֵּֿן
hitherto (of time), as yet
Neh 2:16.
f.
עַלכֵּֿן145
upon ground of such conditions, therefore (introducing, more generally than לָכֵן
, the statement of a fact, rather than a declaration:
never
used in the phrases noted under לָכֵן), Gen 20:6; Gen 42:21; Exod 5:8; Exod 5:17; Exod 16:29; Exod 20:11; 1Sam 20:29; 1Sam 28:18;
2Sam 7:22;
2Sam 7:27;
1Kgs 20:23
; Isa 5:25
; Isa 9:16
; Isa 13:7
; Isa
13:13; Isa
15:4; Isa
15:7; Isa
16:9;
Isa 16:11; Isa 17:10; Isa 21:3;
Isa 10:21;
Isa 12:8;
Isa 20:11;
Isa 31:3;
Isa 31:20;
Isa 22:4; Isa 31:5 etc.,
Ps 1:5; Ps 42:7; Ps 45:3 c (the
poet's inference from va. b), v
Ps 1:8; Ps 110:7;
Job 6:3; Job 9:22; Job 17:4; Job 20:21
etc.,
Song 1:3 and
regularly where the origin of a name, or custom, or proverb is assigned, Gen 2:24
׳
עלכֿן יעזב אישׁ וג, Gen 10:9
יֵאָמַ֔רעלכֿן, Gen 11:9
עלכֿן קרא שׁמה בבל, Gen 16:14; Gen 19:22; Gen 21:31; Gen 25:30; Gen 26:33; Gen 29:34; Gen 29:35;
Gen 30:6; Gen 32:33;
Gen 47:22;
Exod 13:15;
Exod 15:23;
Num 18:24;
Num 21:14;
Num 21:27;
Deut 10:9
(compare Deut
15:11;
Deut 15:15; Deut 19:7; Deut 24:18; Deut 24:22), Josh 7:26; Josh 14:14; Judg 15:19; Judg 18:12;
1Sam 5:5; 1Sam 10:12;
1Sam 23:28
(? read so 1Sam 27:6
) 2Sam 5:8;
2Sam 5:20
etc.; הַעַלכֵּֿן
Hab 1:17. —
Esth 9:26 the
2nd
על כן (unless dittograph) points unusually onwards to האגרתעל כל דברי
on this account, on account, namely, etc.
BDB4077
II. כֵּן see
כון
; III. כֵּן see I.
כנן
; IV. כֵּן see II.
כנן
. below
BDB9613
adverb
thus, as follows (Biblical Hebrew כֵּן;
ᵑ7
כֵּן, Syriac
[untranscribed source text 6044]); — usually with אֲמַר (אָמַ, etc.; compare Egyptian Aramaic
CISii. 149 A 1, B-C 3 RÉS492 B 5), Dan 2:24
וְכֵן אֲמַרלֵֿהּ, Dan 2:25; Dan 4:11; Dan 6:7; Dan 7:5; Dan 7:23; Ezra 5:3; Ezra 6:2
וְכֵןכְּֿ תִיב בְּגַוַּהּ.
