Strong's Lexicon: H3256 יָסַר

Definition / Gloss

Strong's Number:	H3256
Word:	יָסַר
Part of Speech:	verb
Etymology:	a primitive root
Language:	Hebrew
Occurrences:	43
Transliteration:	yacar
Phonetic Spelling/Pronunciation:	yaw-sar'
Meaning:	1. to chastise, literally (with blows) or figuratively (with words) 2. (hence) to instruct
KJV Renderings:	bind, chasten, chastise, correct, instruct, punish, reform, reprove, sore, teach.

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BDB3602

[יָסַר] verb discipline, chasten, admonish (Talmud ᵑ7 יִ(י)סּוֺר chastisement; but Aramaic יְסַר is bind ) —

Qal Imperfect 3 masculine suffix וְיִסְּרֵנִי Isa 8:11 (Di De SS see Bo^{§ 1103} Ew^{§ 249 d}, but Thes MV Che and others Pi`el Perfect); 1 singular suffix וְאֶסְֳּרֵם Hos 10:10 (Ges^{«GKC:71»§ 71}); Infinitive absolute יָסֹר 1Chr 15:22 (noun Ke, point as participle Öttli); Participle יֹסֵר Prov 9:7; Ps 94:10 יסורי Jer 17:13 Kt see סוּר ; —

1. admonish Isa 8:11 (followed by suffix + מִלֶּכֶת away from walking, i. e. not to walk), Prov 9:7 (|| מוֺכִיחַ).

2. instruct, 1Chr 15:22.

3. discipline, of God Hos 10:10; Ps 94:10.

Niph`al Imperfect יִוָּ֫סֶר עֶ֫בֶד Prov 29:19 אִוָּסֵר Jer 31:18 תִּוָּסְרוּ Lev 26:23 Imperative feminine הִוָּסְרִי Jer 6:8 masculine plural הִיָסְרוּ Ps 2:10 — (Niph`al tolerate., Ges^{«GKC:51»§
51}. 2), let oneself be corrected, admonished by words of man Ps 2:10; Prov 29:19); let oneself be chastened by discipline of God Jer 6:8; Jer 31:18; Lev 26:23.

Pi`el Perfect יִסַּר 1Kgs 12:11 + 3 t.; suffix יִסְּרַנִּי Ps 118:18 יִסְּרוֺ Isa 28:26 3 feminine suffix יִסְּרַתּוּ Prov 31:1 2 masculine יִסַּרְתָּ Ps 39:12; Job 4:3 , etc. + 8 t. Perfect; Imperfect יְיַסֵּר Deut 8:5 2 masculine suffix תְּיַסְּרֶנּוּ Ps 94:12, etc. + 5 t. Imperfect; Imperative יַסֵּר Prov 19:18; Prov 29:17 suffix יַסְּרֵנִי Jer 10:24 Infinitive absolute יַסֹּר Ps 118:18 construct יַסְּרָה Lev 26:18 suffix יַסְּרֶ֑ךָּ Deut 4:36 Participle מְיַסְּרֶ֑ךָּ Deut 8:5 —

1. discipline, correct (the moral nature, with more or less severity according to circumstances):

a. of God, with accusative Hos 7:15 (of training arms), Deut 4:36 (see Dr), Deut 8:5 (Israel as son), Isa 28:26, happy the man אשׁר תיסרנו יהּ Ps 94:12; Ps 118:18 (twice in verse)

b. of man, with accusative Deut 8:5 ; Prov 19:18; Prov 29:17 (all of a father his son), Job 4:3; Prov 31:1; Ps 16:7 my reins (the emotions of my own heart) correct, admonish me.

2. more severely, chasten, chastise:

a. of God, followed by accusative of person, Jer 31:18 אַלבַּֿחֲמָֽתְךָ תְיַסְּרֵנִי Ps 6:2; Ps 38:2 בְּמשׁפט אל באף Jer 10:24 למשׁפט Jer 30:11 = Jer 46:28 על חטאת Lev 26:18; Lev 26:28 בתוכחות על עון Ps 39:12.

b. of man, a father his son Deut 21:18 elders a man Deut 22:18 (including, as perhaps Deut 21:18, bodily chastisement); a king his subjects בַּשּׁוֺטִים and בָּעַקְרַבִּים 1Kgs 12:11; 1Kgs 12:14 = 2Chr 10:11; 2Chr 10:14.

c. תְּיַסְּרֵךְ רָֽעָתֵךְ Jer 2:19 thy badness will chastise thee. Nithp. Perfect נִוַּסְּרוּ Ezek 23:48 (for נִתְוַסְּרוּ Ges^{«GKC:55»§ 55} R. 7); passive be disciplined, corrected.

Hiph`il Imperfect 1 singular suffix אַיְסִירֵם ( Ew^{§
131 c}, but error for אֲיַסְּרֵם Bö^{§ 437 f} SS), with accusative chasten Hos 7:12.

BDB8348

שַׂר₄₂₀ noun masculine chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince (Late Hebrew especially of angels; Assyrian šarru , king); — absolute שַׂר 2Sam 3:38 +, הַשַּׂר Mic 7:3 +, שָׂ֑ר Hos 3:4 +; construct שַׂר Judg 4:2 +; suffix שַׂרְכֶם Dan 10:21 plural שָׂרִים 1Kgs 4:2 +; construct שָׂרֵי Gen 12:15 +; suffix שָׂרַי Judg 5:15; Isa 10:8, שָׂרֵיכֶם Jer 44:21, שָׂרֵיהֶם Isa 3:4 +; —

1. chieftain, leader:

a. plural of Israel Num 21:18 (poem in J E ; || נְדִיֹב הָעָם), of Issachar Judg 5:15 (poem); שָׂרֵי גִלְעָד Judg 10:18 is dubious (we should expect ׳ וְשׂ, and compare ׳ זִקְנֵי ג, instead, Judg 11:5-11); of Midian Judg 7:25; Judg 8:3 Philistines 1Sam 29:3 (twice in verse); 1Sam 29:4 (twice in verse); 1Sam 29:9 (apparently = סְרָנִים 1Sam 29:2 1Sam 29:6 1Sam 29:7 [We], yet distinguished by HPS and [with reserve] Bu; ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 Th Bu strike out in 1Sam 29:4 b), compare 1Sam 18:30 in poetry, of כְּמוֺשׁ (i.e. the leading Moabites) Jer 48:7, of מָלכם (q. v.; i.e. the leading Ammonites) Amos 1:15 = Jer 49:3.

b. singular David as leader of freebooters 1Sam 22:2 compare גְּדוּד ׳ שׂ 1Kgs 11:24 , plural 2Sam 4:2 .

2. vassal, noble, official, under king (acting, on occasion, as counselor, commander, etc.):

a. plural, in Egypt Gen 12:15 ( J ) + 3 t. Is + Gen 30:4 Di Du Skinner (>of foreign embassy [compare || מַלְאָכָיו ] Che and others reading [ Che^Heb.Hpt. Marti] שָׁשׂרִים), Ps 105:22 Moab Num 22:8 + 8 t. 22, 23 ( J E ), Amos 2:3 Edom Isa 34:12 (|| הֹרִים); Assyrian Isa 10:8; Isa 31:9 Babylonian Isa 21:5 + 7 t. Jeremiah + 2Chr 32:31 (but here perhaps vaguely = authorities); other nations Jer 49:38 + 17 t. Ezra, Esther; in general Isa 49:7 officials, official class, under kings of Israel: David (only Chronicles) 1Chr 22:17 + 5 t. 1 Chronicles; Ezra 8:20 Solomon 1Kgs 4:2 Jehoiachin 2Kgs 24:12; 2Kgs 24:14 Zedak. Jer 34:21; 2Chr 36:18 other kings 19 t. 2 Chronicles; in general Eccl 10:16; Eccl 10:17 see also (Judah) Jer 1:18 + 31 t. Jeremiah (Jer 17:25 a strike out ׳ שׂ Gf Che Gie Du), 4 t. Lamentations; Ezek 17:12; Zeph 1:8 (where distinguished from בְּנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ, who are never called ׳ שׂ); so, in general, Neh 9:32; Neh 9:34; Dan 9:6; Dan 9:8 and (Northern Israel) Hos 3:4 + 6 t. Hosea.

b. as having powers of magistrate ( ‡adi ) Exod 2:14 ( E + שֹׁפֵט); under Moses (over groups of 1000, 100, 50, 10) Exod 18:21 + 7 t. 18 ( E ), Deut 1:15 (4 t. in verse); later in Judah Hos 5:10 (Now reads ׳ שָׂרֵי תִשׁ), Isa 1:23, compare Isa 3:4; Isa 3:14; Isa 32:1; Mic 7:3 (singular; || שֹׁפֵט), Zeph 3:3 (|| id. ), Ezek 22:27, compare Prov 8:16 (|| נְדִיבִים); Prov 28:2 read perhaps צָרֶיהָ, see Toy.

c. as ruler or magistrate of a district (מְרִינָה ), 1Kgs 20:14; 1Kgs 20:15; 1Kgs 20:17; 1Kgs 20:19 (compare Esth 1:3; Esth 8:9; Esth 9:3, שָׂרֵי עַם וָעָם Esth 3:12).

d. as commandant of city, הָעִיר ׳ שׂ Judg 9:30, compare 1Kgs 22:26 = 2Chr 18:25; 2Kgs 23:8; 2Chr 34:8 of citadel, הַבִּירָה ׳ שׂ Neh 7:2 plural of city officials סֻכּוֺת ׳ שׂ Judg 8:6; Judg 8:14 (distinguished from זְקֵנִים), compare 2Kgs 10:1; 2Chr 29:20.

3. specifically military, = captain, general:

a. שַׂרֿ(ה)צבא Gen 21:22; Gen 21:32 ( E ), Gen 26:26 ( J ), 1Sam 12:9 + 23 t., + ׳ יֿ ׳ צֿ ׳ שׂ Josh 5:14; Josh 5:15 ( J E ; צָבָא 1.b.), angel-captain in vision; see also 8., 9; ׳ שָׂרֵי הַצּ 1Kgs 1:25 + 3 t. Chronicles, ׳ שָׂרִים בַּצּ 1Chr 12:22 (Gi Baer; van d. H. v. 1Chr 12:21 ); שָׂרֵי צְבָאוֺת Deut 20:9; 1Kgs 2:5; 1Chr 27:3 שַׂרהַֿחַ֫יִל 2Sam 24:2 (but read וְאֶלשָֿׂרֵי as ᵐ5 ^L and || 1Chr 21:2 Th We Dr HPS Bu), ׳ שָׂרֵי (הַ)ח 1Chr 21:4 1Chr 21:4; 2Kgs 9:5; 2Chr 33:14; Neh 2:9, שָׂרֵי הַחֲיָלִים 1Kgs 15:20 = 2Chr 16:4; 2Kgs 25:23; 2Kgs 25:26; Jer 40:7; Jer 40:13 + 7 t. Jeremiah; שָׂרֵי מִלְחָמוֺת 2Chr 32:6 so (ה)שׂר alone 2Sam 18:5; 2Sam 19:7; 1Kgs 9:22 = 2Chr 8:9 ᵐ5 .:B Be Kit (שָׁרָיו וְשָׁלִישָׁיו, for ᵑ0 ׳ שָׂרֵי שׁ), 2Kgs 9:5 (twice in verse); 1Chr 11:6; 1Chr 11:21 + 9 t., + Job 39:25 ; Dan 11:5 וְגָדוֺל ׳ שׂ 2Sam 3:38 (of Abner); possibly military figurative also in שַׂר שָׁלוֺם Isa 9:5 (Messianic name).

b. leading companies of 50 2Kgs 1:9-14; Isa 3:3, of 100 1Sam 22:7 + 16 t. + 1Sam 8:12 (reading מֵאוֺת for חֲמִשִּׁים ᵐ5 HPS, compare We; Bu insert שָׂרֵי מֵאוֺת), of 1000 1Sam 17:18 + 11 t., + שָׂרֵי הָאֲלָפִים וְהַמֵּאוֺת 1Chr 13:1 ; 1Chr 26:26 (distinguished from שָׂרֵי הַצָּבָא), 1Chr 27:1; 1Chr 29:6; 2Chr 1:2 also הָרֶכֶב ׳ שׂ captain of the chariotry 1Kgs 22:31 ; 1Kgs 22:32; 1Kgs 22:33 = 2Chr 18:30; 2Chr 18:31; 2Chr 18:32 + 3 t. + שָׂרֵי וּפָרָשָׁיו ׳ ר 1Kgs 9:22 = 2Chr 8:9.

4.

a. chief, head, of other official classes: שַׂר הַטַּבָּחִים, Egypt, Gen 37:36 + 5 t.; שָׂרֵי הָרָצִים 1Kgs 14:27 = 2Chr 12:10 שָׂרֵי הַנִּצָּבִים 1Kgs 5:30 ; 1Kgs 9:23 = 2Chr 8:10 even domestic positions (court of Pharaoh), שַׂר הַמַּשְׁקִים Gen 40:2 + 5 t., שַׂר הָאוֺפוֺת Gen 40:2 + 4 t. (all E ); שָׂרֵי הַמּחְלְקוֺת 1Chr 28:1 , i.e. of the successive courses of royal military officials; compare הַשַּׂר 1Chr 27:28 שַׂר הַסָּרִיסִים Dan 1:7; Dan 1:8; Dan 1:9; Dan 1:10; Dan 1:11; Dan 1:18 שַׂר מְנוּחָה Jer 51:59 .

b. = overseer: שַׂר בֵּית הַסֹּהַר Gen 39:21 ; Gen 39:23 , שָׂרֵי מִקְנֶה Gen 47:6 (all J ; compare אַבִּיר הָרֹעִים 1Sam 21:8), שָׂרֵי מִסִּים Exod 1:11 ( J ); compare 1Chr 15:27; 1Chr 29:6; 1Chr 27:31; 1Chr 28:1. — In 1Chr 15:22 read probably סַר הַמַּשָּׂא (= שַׂר) overseer of the carrying (for ᵑ0 בְּמַשָּׂא יָסֹר בַּמַּשָּׂא), so ᵐ5 Benz Kit, Be יָסֹר = יָשׂר; see another view יָסַר Qal.

5. of religious office: שָׂרֵי הַכֹּהֲנִים Ezra 8:24; Ezra 8:29; Ezra 10:5; 2Chr 36:14 הַלְוִיִּם ׳ שׂ 1Chr 15:16 ; 1Chr 15:22 ; 2Chr 35:9, compare 1Chr 15:5 ; 1Chr 15:6; 1Chr 15:7; 1Chr 15:8; 1Chr 15:10 (twice in verse); heads of classes or courses of priests, called שָׂרֵי קֹרֶשׁ 1Chr 24:5, אֱלֹהִים ׳ שׂ 1Chr 24:5 — ׳ שָׂרֵי ק Isa 43:28 (usually consecrated princes, whether priests, or kings, or both) is probably corrupt, read perhaps שַׁעֲרֵי (Du) or וַיְחַלְּלוּ שָׂרֶיךָ קָרְשִׁי ᵐ5 Houb Klo Che^Hpt Gr (substantially).

6. late, of representative leaders of people, tribal heads, ׳ שׂ ׳ שִׁבְטֵי יִשׂ 1Chr 27:22 ; 1Chr 29:6, compare 1Chr 28:1 apparently = elders, הָעָם ׳ שׂ Ezek 11:1; 2Chr 24:23 ׳ שׂ alone, Ps 68:28 (3 t. in verse); in post-exilic Jerusalem Ezra 9:1; Ezra 9:2; Neh 4:10; Neh 10:1; Neh 11:1 (שָׂרֵי הָעָם), + elders Ezra 10:8; Ezra 10:14 called שָׂרֵי יְהוּדָה Neh 12:31; Neh 12:32 of district-rulers Neh 3:9 ; Neh 3:12 ; Neh 3:14; Neh 3:15; Neh 3:16; Neh 3:17; Neh 3:18; Neh 3:19 of heads of families, שָׂרֵי הָאָבוֺת Ezra 8:29; 1Chr 29:6 (= רָאשֵׁי ׳ הָא 1Chr 24:31 ; 1Chr 27:1; Neh 7:70).

7. late, as term of rank and dignity, Isa 23:8 (compare 'merchant- princes'), Job 3:15; Job 29:9 (|| נְגִירִים), Job 34:19; Ps 45:17; Ps 82:7; Ps 148:11, opposed to עבד(יםׅ Prov 19:10 ; Eccl 10:7 formidable foes Ps 119:23; Ps 119:161.

8. = patron-angel, only Daniel: שַׂר (מַלְכוּת) פָּרַס Dan 10:13; Dan 10:20, יָוָן ׳ שׂ Dan 10:20 specifically of מִיכָאֵל Dan 10:13; Dan 10:21; Dan 12:1

9. שַׂרהַֿצָּבָא Dan 8:11 = God (probably, compare צָרָא 1.c.; yet see also ׳ צ 1.b.), so שַׂר שְׂרִים Dan 8:25.

BDB8349

[שָׂרַר] verb denominative (Gerber²⁰) be, or act as, prince, rule; —

Qal Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיָּ֫שַׂר עַלֿ יִשְׂרָאֵל Judg 9:22 Abimelech ruled over Israel three years; 3 masculine plural שָׂרִים ֗֗֗ יָשׂ֑רוּ Isa 32:1 princes shall govern (prince it) justly (|| יִמְלָךְמֶֿלֶךְ), compare Prov 8:16 Participle לִהְיוֺת֗֗֗ שׂרֵר Esth 1:22 that every man should bear rule בְּבֵיתוֺ.

Hithpa`el Imperfect, 2 masculine singular + Infinitive absolute כִּיתִֿשְׂתָּרֵר עָלֵינוּ גַּםהִֿשְׂתָּרֵר Num 16:13 that thou shouldst also keep playing the prince over us. — יָסֹר 1Chr 15:22 see יָסַר Qal and שַׂר 4.b.

Hiph`il Perfect 3 plural metaplastic הֵשִׂירוּ (Ges ^{«GKC:67v»§ 67v}) Hos 8:4 they made princes (absolute; || הִמְלִיכוּ). p. 415f, 978

Other Resources

Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament
R. Laird Harris, Gleason L. Archer, and Bruce K. Waltke

Englishman's Hebrew Concordance

יסר (yah-sar’)

2 Chronicles 10:11

KJV: For whereas my father put a heavy yoke upon you, I will put more to your yoke: my father chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions.my father put: Heb. my father laded

EHCC: \!\.װ father chastised you with whips,

Job 4:3

KJV: Behold, thou hast instructed many, and thou hast strengthened the weak hands.

EHCC: thou hast instructed many,

Psalms 16:7

KJV: I will bless the Lord, who hath given me counsel: my reins also instruct me in the night seasons.

EHCC: my reins also instruct me

Psalms 39:11

KJV: When thou with rebukes dost correct man for iniquity, thou makest his beauty to consume away like a moth: surely every man is vanity. Selah.his…: Heb. that which is to be desired in him to melt away

EHCC: (12). When thox with rebukes dust correct

Psalms 31:1

KJV: To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David.In thee, O Lord, do I put my trust; let me never be ashamed: deliver me in thy righteousness.

EHCC: the that his mother taught Aim.

Psalms 28:26

EHCC: For his God doth instruct him

Jeremiah 30:11

KJV: For I am with thee, saith the Lord, to save thee: though I make a full end of all nations whither I have scattered thee, yet will I not make a full end of thee: but I will correct thee in measure, and will not leave thee altogether unpunished.

EHCC: but I will correct thee in measure,

Jeremiah 31:18

KJV: I have surely heard Ephraim bemoaning himself thus; Thou hast chastised me, and I was chastised, as a bullock unaccustomed to the yoke: turn thou me, and I shall be turned; for thou art the Lord my God.

EHCC: Thou hast chastised me,

Leviticus 26:18

KJV: And if ye will not yet for all this hearken unto me, then I will punish you seven times more for your sins.

EHCC: 1 will puxish you seven times more (iit. 1

Deuteronomy 4:36

KJV: Out of heaven he made thee to hear his voice, that he might instruct thee: and upon earth he shewed thee his great fire; and thou heardest his words out of the midst of the fire.

EHCC: that he might instruct thee:

Psalms 118:18

KJV: The Lord hath chastened me sore: but he hath not given me over unto death.

EHCC: The Lord hath chastened me sore: (lit, in

Proverbs 19:18

KJV: Chasten thy son while there is hope, and let not thy soul spare for his crying.for…: or, to his destruction: or, to cause him to die

EHCC: Chasten thy son while there is hope,

Proverbs 29:17

KJV: Correct thy son, and he shall give thee rest; yea, he shall give delight unto thy soul.

EHCC: Correct thy son, and he shall give thee rest;

Jeremiah 10:24

KJV: O Lord, correct me, but with judgment; not in thine anger, lest thou bring me to nothing.bring…: Heb. diminish me

EHCC: 0 Lord, correct me, but with judgment ;

Deuteronomy 8:5

KJV: Thou shalt also consider in thine heart, that, as a man chasteneth his son, so the Lord thy God chasteneth thee.

EHCC: 0 man chasteneth his son,

Psalms 6:18

EHCC: chasten me in thy hot displeasure.

Psalms 38:1

KJV: A Psalm of David, to bring to remembrance.O Lord, rebuke me not in thy wrath: neither chasten me in thy hot displeasure.

EHCC: (2).chasten me in thy hot displeasure.

Psalms 94:12

KJV: Blessed is the man whom thou chastenest, O Lord, and teachest him out of thy law;

EHCC: Blessed (is) the man whom thow chustenest,

Jeremiah 2:19

KJV: Thine own wickedness shall correct thee, and thy backslidings shall reprove thee: know therefore and see that it is an evil thing and bitter, that thou hast forsaken the Lord thy God, and that my fear is not in thee, saith the Lord God of hosts.

EHCC: Thine own wickedness shull correct thee,

Deuteronomy 8:5

KJV: Thou shalt also consider in thine heart, that, as a man chasteneth his son, so the Lord thy God chasteneth thee.

EHCC: the Lord thy God chasteneth thee.

Hosea 7:19

EHCC: 7 will chastise them, as‘their congregation

Strong's Lexicon

H3256 — יָסַר