Figures of Speech in the Bible

Synecdoche in the Bible

Synecdoche is when a part represents the whole, or the whole represents a part.

Simple definition

Synecdoche is when a part represents the whole, or the whole represents a part.

Technical nameSynecdoche
Alternate namesPart-for-whole / whole-for-part
Reader categorySubstitution / Association
Bullinger classFigures involving change
Source hintBullinger PDF p. 643; web lines 19110-19115.
Examples on page30

Technical definition

A figure of substitution in which quantity, scope, or category is represented by a related part, whole, genus, species, singular, plural, or definite category.

Publication note: Examples are curated from the final Wave 46 source state. Some examples carry review notes where final Bible-text stream verification may still be prudent before public release.

Scripture examples

These examples show how Synecdoche functions in biblical language, rhetoric, poetry, prophecy, narrative, or theological imagery.

Ex. 9:6
probable

all the cattle of Egypt died

All is used for the affected classes or the relevant whole in context, not every individual animal without exception.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Synecdoche section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Ex. 9:25
probable

all the land of Egypt

The whole land is named for the affected regions throughout Egypt.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Synecdoche section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Ex. 32:3
probable

all the people

The whole is used for the participating group, not necessarily every individual Israelite.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Synecdoche section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Deut. 28:64
probable

among all peoples

All peoples functions as all nations/kinds of peoples in the dispersion context.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Synecdoche section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Luke 2:1
certain

all the world

The wider world is used for the Roman imperial world affected by the decree.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Acts 2:5
probable

every nation under heaven

The phrase represents the breadth of the diaspora nations present, not mathematical every nation without exception.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Rom. 1:8
probable

whole world

The whole world is used for the widely known extent of the Roman believers' faith.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
John 12:19
probable

the world has gone after him

The world is used for the large crowd/many people following Jesus; it also has hyperbolic force.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Isa. 40:5
certain

all flesh shall see

Flesh is used for human beings viewed in their creaturely condition.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Luke 3:6
certain

all flesh shall see salvation

Flesh stands for human beings; the phrase is universal in scope but expressed through part/material language.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Matt. 6:11
certain

daily bread

Bread is used for daily provision or necessary food.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Gen. 3:19
certain

eat bread

Bread is used for food/livelihood gained through labor.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Synecdoche section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Acts 2:42
probable

breaking of bread

Bread is used for the meal/fellowship context, with context deciding whether an ordinary meal or sacred observance is in view.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Ps. 24:4
certain

clean hands

Hands, a part of the body, stand for deeds/actions.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
1 Tim. 2:4
disputed

all people to be saved

Bullinger treats 'all' as classes/kinds of people; because this is debated, it must be marked disputed and not used alone to settle the doctrine.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Synecdoche section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
John 12:32
disputed

draw all to myself

Bullinger treats 'all' as all without distinction; the classification and theological implication are debated and require careful presentation.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Synecdoche section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Gen. 6:12
probable

all flesh had corrupted its way

Flesh is used for mankind/living beings within the flood context, a whole category expressed through embodied creatureliness.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Matt. 3:5
probable

all Judea

The whole region is named for a broad representative movement of people coming to John.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Mark 1:5
probable

all the land of Judea

The whole land is used for the crowds coming from the region, not necessarily every individual.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
1 Cor. 15:27
certain

all things under his feet

The universal language is qualified by context, which excludes the One who subjects all things to Christ.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Gen. 12:5
certain

the souls they had gotten

Soul stands for whole persons.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF p. 643; web lines 19110-19115.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Gen. 14:21
certain

Give me the persons

The term 'souls' in the underlying idiom stands for people.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF p. 643; web lines 19110-19115.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Gen. 17:14
certain

that soul shall be cut off

Soul stands for the person under covenant sanction.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF p. 643; web lines 19110-19115.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Ex. 12:19
certain

that soul shall be cut off

Soul stands for the individual person.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF p. 643; web lines 19110-19115.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Josh. 10:40
probable

all that breathed

Breath/life-language stands for living persons in the described judgment context.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF p. 643; web lines 19110-19115.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Acts 2:41
certain

about three thousand souls

Souls stands for persons added to the community.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF p. 643; web lines 19110-19115.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Acts 7:14
certain

seventy-five souls

Souls stands for persons in Jacob's family.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF p. 643; web lines 19110-19115.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
1 Pet. 3:20
certain

eight souls were saved

Souls stands for persons preserved through water.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF p. 643; web lines 19110-19115.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Rev. 6:9
probable

the souls of those slain

Souls stands for the slain persons viewed in the intermediate state; the context governs the theological nuance.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF p. 643; web lines 19110-19115.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Rev. 18:13
certain

souls of men

Souls stands for human persons treated as merchandise.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF p. 643; web lines 19110-19115.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.

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