Figures of Speech in the Bible

Ellipsis in the Bible

Ellipsis leaves out words that the reader is expected to supply from the sentence, context, or repeated pattern.

Simple definition

Ellipsis leaves out words that the reader is expected to supply from the sentence, context, or repeated pattern.

Technical nameEllipsis
Alternate namesOmission
Reader categoryOmission
Bullinger classFigures involving omission
Source hintBullinger PDF pp. 14-17; web lines 432-456 and 504-521.
Examples on page29

Technical definition

A figure of omission in which a necessary word or phrase is not expressed, but is recoverable from the nature of the subject, the context, or repetition from a nearby clause.

Publication note: Examples are curated from the final Wave 46 source state. Some examples carry review notes where final Bible-text stream verification may still be prudent before public release.

Scripture examples

These examples show how Ellipsis functions in biblical language, rhetoric, poetry, prophecy, narrative, or theological imagery.

Matt. 14:19
certain

the disciples to the multitude

The second clause omits the verb already implied from the previous clause; supplying 'gave' resolves the grammar while preserving the emphasis.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Gen. 14:19-20
certain

and he gave him tithes

The subject must be supplied from context; Abram, not Melchizedek, is the giver of the tithes.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Gen. 39:6
probable

he knew not ought he had

The ellipsis requires context to determine the subject and scope of what was known or entrusted.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Matt. 16:22
probable

be it far from thee

The idiomatic expression leaves unstated a fuller wish such as divine mercy or prevention; the sense is supplied by idiom and context.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Acts 13:29
probable

they took him down

The actor is not the grammatical focus; the action is compressed and must be read from the narrative setting.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Rom. 4:9
probable

faith was reckoned

The argument assumes the omitted object and context from the Abraham quotation.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Rom. 5:18
probable

as... so also

Paul’s tightly parallel sentence requires supplied wording from the corresponding clauses.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
1 Cor. 3:2
certain

milk, not meat

The implied verb/object is supplied by the teaching context: Paul gave elementary instruction, not solid food.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
2 Cor. 5:13
probable

whether beside ourselves... sober

The sentence compresses implied predicates and objects in paired clauses.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Gal. 2:9
certain

we unto the Gentiles, they unto the circumcision

The verb of going/preaching is omitted in parallel clauses and supplied by context.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Eph. 4:29
probable

good for edifying

The construction requires supplied terms to complete the sense: speech should be suitable for edification.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Col. 2:8
probable

after the tradition of men

The warning compresses the governing idea; the reader supplies the relation between philosophy and its human source.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
1 Tim. 5:10
probable

if she have washed the saints' feet

The list compresses repeated conditions under the introductory 'if'.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
1 John 5:19
probable

the whole world lies in the evil one

An ellipsis is commonly supplied as 'in the power of'; the implied relation clarifies the phrase.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Ps. 109:5
possible

evil for good

The verb of repayment or returning is compressed; the paired objects carry the point.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Isa. 53:12
possible

numbered with transgressors

The phrase functions compactly and expects context to supply the implied legal or social identification.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Ex. 32:32
possible

if not, blot me

The broken/aposiopetic-like conditional leaves the consequence unstated, intensifying Moses' plea.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
John 6:62
possible

what if you see...

The unfinished conditional question requires the hearer to supply the implied conclusion.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Phil. 3:13
possible

one thing

The expression compresses the main pursuit and leaves the predicate/action to the following participles.

Source: Own analysis — Original analysis for pilot page
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Heb. 7:4
probable

to whom Abraham gave

The sentence depends on supplied antecedent relations from Genesis 14.

Source: Bullinger PDF — Bullinger, Ellipsis section
Verify against final site Bible text stream before publication.
Isa. 29:1
probable

add ye year to year

The sentence compresses the thought and requires supplied verbal sense from the command context.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF pp. 14-17; web lines 432-456 and 504-521.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Ps. 34:17
probable

the righteous cry, and the LORD hears

The noun subject is carried over from context; the compact line leaves understood material to be supplied.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF pp. 14-17; web lines 432-456 and 504-521.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Ps. 105:40
probable

they asked, and he brought quail

The object and fuller request are omitted because the context supplies the sense.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF pp. 14-17; web lines 432-456 and 504-521.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Jer. 8:4
possible

shall they fall, and not arise?

The rhetorical line omits expected explanatory elements while preserving force through compression.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF pp. 14-17; web lines 432-456 and 504-521.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Matt. 26:5
certain

not on the feast

The understood action is supplied from the preceding deliberation about arresting Jesus.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF pp. 14-17; web lines 432-456 and 504-521.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Luke 13:9
certain

if it bear fruit, well

The apodosis is elliptic; the implied outcome is supplied from the agricultural warning.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF pp. 14-17; web lines 432-456 and 504-521.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Rom. 8:3
probable

for sin

The compressed sacrificial phrase requires contextual completion; the expression is not a full clause by itself.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF pp. 14-17; web lines 432-456 and 504-521.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
1 Cor. 10:24
certain

not his own, but another's

The second clause omits the repeated object 'good/profit,' supplied from the first clause.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF pp. 14-17; web lines 432-456 and 504-521.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.
Heb. 11:13
probable

not having received the promises

The fuller fulfillment is supplied by context; the compact phrase does not deny all promise reception in every sense.

Source: Curated Scripture review + Bullinger section/cross-reference where applicable — Bullinger PDF pp. 14-17; web lines 432-456 and 504-521.
Wave 4 promoted/added example; final Bible text stream link check still required.

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