{
  "id": "dict_006092",
  "term": "Wrath",
  "slug": "wrath",
  "letter": "W",
  "entry_type": "doctrine",
  "entry_family": "doctrine",
  "tier": 2,
  "aliases": [],
  "short_definition": "God's holy opposition to sin and evil.",
  "simple_one_line": "Wrath is God's holy opposition to sin and evil.",
  "tooltip_text": "God's holy opposition to sin and evil.",
  "lede_intro": "Wrath names God's holy, settled, and righteous opposition to sin, evil, and rebellion against His glory.",
  "at_a_glance_definition": "Wrath is God's holy opposition to sin and evil.",
  "at_a_glance_key_points": [
    "Wrath concerns who God is in Himself and must be governed by revelation rather than speculation.",
    "It relates to the divine being, attributes, perfection, or manner of God's self-disclosure in Scripture.",
    "Its key point is to speak truly of God with reverence, preserving both biblical clarity and the Creator-creature distinction."
  ],
  "description_academic_short": "Wrath is God's holy opposition to sin and evil. In dogmatic use, the term gathers related biblical teaching into a more precise conceptual summary and helps distinguish this doctrine from nearby but non-identical categories.",
  "description_academic_full": "Wrath is God's holy opposition to sin and evil. More fully, the doctrine should be handled as a Scripture-led synthesis rather than as a free-floating slogan. That means its content must be derived from the passages that establish it, explained in relation to the unfolding storyline of redemption, and protected from deductions that outrun the text. A good dictionary entry therefore defines the term, identifies its biblical burden, and marks the doctrinal limits within which it can be used responsibly.",
  "background_biblical_context": "Wrath belongs to Scripture's presentation of the living God and should be read from God's own self-revelation rather than as a merely philosophical abstraction. Its background lies in Scripture's own presentation of God through his names, acts, covenant speech, and self-revelation as Creator and Lord, so the doctrine comes into focus as God's perfections are displayed in history and redemption.",
  "background_historical_context": "Historically, discussion of Wrath was carried forward through exegesis, preaching, controversy, and dogmatic reflection as Christian interpreters tried to locate the term within the biblical storyline and the church's confession. Patristic writers, medieval scholastics, Reformation divines, and modern theologians all gave the category different emphasis, which is why its historical use is broader than any one school or controversy.",
  "background_jewish_ancient_context": null,
  "key_texts_primary": [
    "Exod. 34:6-7",
    "Ps. 7:11",
    "Rom. 1:18",
    "John 3:36",
    "Rev. 19:15"
  ],
  "key_texts_secondary": [
    "Nah. 1:2-6",
    "Rom. 2:5",
    "Eph. 2:3",
    "Col. 3:5-6"
  ],
  "original_language_note": null,
  "original_language_terms": [],
  "theological_significance": "Wrath matters because doctrinal precision in this area protects the church’s speech about God, the gospel, the church, or the last things and helps prevent distortions that spill into neighboring doctrines.",
  "philosophical_explanation": "Philosophically, Wrath functions as a bridge between exegesis and dogmatic reasoning. Discussion usually turns on conceptual scope, doctrinal location, and the difference between helpful clarification and speculative overextension. Its philosophical value lies in making doctrinal reasoning more exact while keeping the underlying scriptural claims primary.",
  "interpretive_cautions": "Do not use Wrath as a catch-all doctrinal label that settles questions the relevant texts still require you to argue carefully. Distinguish moral condition, culpability, agency, and pastoral application, so the doctrine is neither reduced to psychology or sociology nor inflated beyond what the scriptural argument actually secures. State the doctrine at the level of what Scripture and responsible historical theology can warrant, and name secondary disputes as secondary rather than turning them into tests the text itself does not impose.",
  "major_views_note": "Wrath has a broadly shared doctrinal center, but traditions differ over its precise definition, theological location, and practical implications. The main points of disagreement concern the explanatory reach of classical categories, the handling of analogical language, and the way to preserve divine transcendence without muting biblical clarity.",
  "doctrinal_boundaries": "Wrath should be defined by the scriptural burden it actually carries, not by a slogan, party marker, or imported philosophical abstraction. It must not be inflated beyond the texts that warrant it, but neither should it be thinned into a merely emotive or metaphorical label. The point is to let Wrath guard a real doctrinal boundary while still leaving room for legitimate intramural distinctions in explanation and emphasis.",
  "practical_significance": "Practically, Wrath matters in daily ministry because what the church confesses here will eventually shape worship, hope, and obedience. It trains prayer, preaching, and praise to begin with who God is instead of with human preference, which humbles pride and strengthens confidence.",
  "related_entries": [],
  "see_also": [],
  "meta_description": "God's holy opposition to sin and evil. This entry traces its biblical basis and doctrinal use within the whole counsel of Scripture.",
  "jsonld_description": "God's holy opposition to sin and evil. This entry explains the doctrine in its biblical, theological, and interpretive setting so it can be handled with precision rather than sloganized simplification.",
  "source_basis": "scripture-led synthesis",
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  "canonical_term": "Wrath",
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  "authority_status": "finalized",
  "review_state": "finalized",
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}